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Assessment of pericardial effusion

ECG in acute pericarditis. Nearly ubiquitous ST segment elevation corresponding to ST depression in aVR (lead augmented vector right). Height of ST elevation is about 25% of height of T waves peak in V5–V6. Most PR segments are slightly depressed with respect to the T-P baseline (atrial current of injury).

Imazio M. Pericardial involvement in systemic inflammatory diseases. Heart 2011;97:1882-92.

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Assessment of pericardial effusion

Apical 4-chamber view of a 2-dimensional echocardiogram of a patient with tuberculous pericardial effusion; LA = left atrium, LV = left ventricle, Per eff = pericardial effusion; RA = right atrium, RV = right ventricle

From: George S, Salama AL, Uthaman B, et al. Heart. 2004; 90:1338-1339

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Assessment of pericardial effusion

Auscultation of the pericardium: to elicit pericardial rubs the patient is invited to lean forward (A) or rest on elbows and knees (B). Both physical manoeuvres aim to increase the contact of visceral and parietal pericardium.

Imazio M. Pericardial involvement in systemic inflammatory diseases. Heart 2011;97:1882-92.

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Assessment of pericardial effusion

Parasternal long-axis view of a pericardial effusion (PE); LA = left atrium, LV = left ventricle, RV = right ventricle

From the collection of Dr Rajdeep Khattar

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Assessment of pericardial effusion

CXR in a patient with a pericardial effusion showing typical findings of a water-bottle-shaped cardiac silhouette with a distinct, fat, pericardial fat stripe

From the collection of Dr Rajdeep Khattar

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Assessment of pericardial effusion

Diagram showing the anatomy of the pericardium.

Marchand P. Thorax. 1951;6:359-368

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