UK guidance from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) advises that health professionals ask people at every opportunity if they smoke, and if they smoke, deliver very brief advice (VBA) and refer to their local smoking cessation service.[63]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Tobacco: preventing uptake, promoting quitting and treating dependence. Feb 2025 [internet publication].
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng209
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends that clinicians ask all adults about tobacco use at each visit, advise them to stop using tobacco, provide behavioural interventions to all adults who use tobacco, and provide US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved pharmacotherapy for cessation to non-pregnant adults who use tobacco.[71]US Preventive Services Task Force. Interventions for tobacco smoking cessation in adults, including pregnant persons: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2021 Jan 19;325(3):265-79.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2775287
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33464343?tool=bestpractice.com
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends that all teenagers be screened for tobacco and nicotine use in primary care, and that those who want to stop smoking are offered referral for a behavioural intervention, with consideration given to offering nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) for those with moderate or severe tobacco dependence.[60]Jenssen BP, Walley SC, Boykan R, et al. Protecting children and adolescents from tobacco and nicotine. Pediatrics. 2023 May 1;151(5):e2023061805.
https://publications.aap.org/pediatrics/article/151/5/e2023061805/191063/Protecting-Children-and-Adolescents-From-Tobacco
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37066689?tool=bestpractice.com
Smoking status should be readily visible to the physician or healthcare professional at the point of care.[73]Swartz S, Hays J. Office-based intervention for tobacco dependence. Med Clin North Am. 2004 Nov;88(6):1623-41;xii-iii.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15464117?tool=bestpractice.com
[74]Aveyard P, West R. Managing smoking cessation. BMJ. 2007 Jul 7;335(7609):37-41.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1910650
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17615224?tool=bestpractice.com
A prompt in the electronic health record to mention smoking cessation may be beneficial, in addition to decision support tools and links to resources. These tools may increase the rate of physician cessation interventions, the proportion of smokers receiving behavioural support, and stopping rates.[95]Linder JA, Rigotti NA, Schneider LI, et al. An electronic health record-based intervention to improve tobacco treatment in primary care: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med. 2009 Apr 27;169(8):781-7.
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/414914
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19398690?tool=bestpractice.com
Screening for smoking with CO monitoring is recommended routinely for all pregnant women at antenatal appointments in some locations, including the UK.[63]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Tobacco: preventing uptake, promoting quitting and treating dependence. Feb 2025 [internet publication].
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng209