Epidemiology
The reported incidence and prevalence of HE varies. This may be due to the absence of a definitive diagnostic test and the potential subtlety of clinical signs. About 30% to 40% of patients with cirrhosis have an episode of overt HE during their illness, and approximately 11% of patients have overt HE at the time of cirrhosis diagnosis.[3][4] The incidence of HE in the 2 years after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement is up to 55%.[4] After an episode of overt HE, there is a 40% risk of recurrence within the next year.[5]
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