Investigations

1st investigations to order

dermoscopy

Test
Result
Test

Confirmatory test of the disease; to differentiate from guttate psoriasis[18]

Result

orange-yellowish structureless areas, focal dotted vessels, and non-dotted vessels

skin biopsy

Test
Result
Test

Histopathological examination confirms the disease.[4]

Specimens may also be analysed for clonality with next-generation sequencing of T-cell receptor beta and gamma genes.[20][21]

Result

pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta: wedge-shaped, dense, and diffuse dermal CD8+ predominant lymphocytic infiltrate. Epidermal apoptotic and necrotic keratinocytes, neutrophilic inclusions, spongiosis, and focal parakeratosis. Next-generation sequencing may be positive for T-cell clonality. Pityriasis lichenoides chronica: superficial CD4+ T-dominant lymphocytic, band-like, sparsely perivascular infiltrate. Slight parakeratotic scale, minimal keratocytic necrosis, and spongiosis in the epidermis. Febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann disease: prominent lymphocytic and neutrophilic infiltrate, pronounced epidermal necrosis and ulceration, and leukocytoclastic vasculitis

Investigations to consider

anti-streptolysin titres

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

to exclude streptococci

Epstein-Barr virus IgM/IgG viral capsid antigen and nuclear antigen antibody

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

to exclude Epstein-Barr virus

monospot or heterophil antibody test

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

to exclude Epstein-Barr virus

hepatitis B surface antigen, anti-surface antibody, and anti-core IgM

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

to exclude hepatitis B

hepatitis C virus antibody

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

to exclude hepatitis C

HIV screening

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

to exclude HIV

rapid plasma reagin

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

to exclude syphilis

throat cultures

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

to exclude bacterial aetiology

toxoplasma Sabin-Feldman's dye test, indirect immunofluorescence/haemagglutination

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

to exclude toxoplasmosis

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

elevated in febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann's disease

CRP

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

elevated in febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann's disease

serum LDH

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

elevated in febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann's disease

WBC count

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

leukocytosis in febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann's disease

serum albumin

Test
Result
Test

Consider checking if clinically suspecting infectious origin or severe ulceronecrotic form of disease.[4]

Result

hypoalbuminaemia in febrile ulceronecrotic Mucha-Habermann's disease

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