Criteria
Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th ed., text revision (DSM-5-TR) diagnostic criteria[4]
Note: A tic is a sudden, rapid, recurrent, non-rhythmic motor movement or vocalisation.
Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics have been present at some time during the illness, although not necessarily concurrently.
The tics may wax and wane in frequency, but have persisted for more than 1 year since first tic onset.
Onset is before age 18 years.
The disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effect of a substance (e.g., cocaine) or another medical condition (e.g., Huntington's disease, post-viral encephalitis).
Tourette Syndrome Classification Study Group criteria[63]
Both multiple motor and one or more vocal tics have to be present at some time during the illness, although not necessarily concurrently.
Tics must occur many times a day, nearly every day, or intermittently throughout a period of >1 year.
The anatomical location, number, frequency, type, complexity, or severity of tics must change over time.
Onset must be before age 21 years.
Involuntary movements and noises cannot be explained by other medical conditions.
Motor and/or vocal tics must be witnessed directly by a reliable examiner at some point during the illness or must be recorded by videotape or cinematography.
Tics must be witnessed by a reliable family member or close friend and description of tics as demonstrated must be accepted by a reliable examiner.
Definite TS meets all of the above criteria, probable TS type 1 meets all but number 3 and/or 4, and probable TS type 2 meets all but number 1 (includes either a single motor tic with vocal tics or multiple motor tics with possible vocal tics).
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