Prognosis

In general, transgender people are at increased risk of stigmatization and discrimination which can lead to depression, suicidality, relationship difficulties, and economic consequences such as unemployment.[15]​ Mental health problems may persist after gender reassignment in some individuals, particularly if they struggle to adjust to their new identity.[2]

Meta-analysis evidence demonstrates that, for the majority of transgender people, gender-affirming treatment (including hormonal therapy) results in significant improvements in quality of life and psychosocial functioning.[43][44][45]​ The percentage of people who regret their gender-affirming surgical intervention is low (estimated to be between 0.3% and 3.8%).[4]​ Regret may be temporary or permanent; in this scenario multidisciplinary input is recommended in order to explore this further, with possible outcomes being medical and/or surgical treatment to continue the transition, or revision surgery to return anatomy to the sex assigned at birth.[4]

A retrospective cohort study found that adult transgender people who received hormone treatment were at a 2-fold increased mortality risk compared to the general population. The increased risk was not attributable to hormone treatment, but rather emphasized the importance of holistic transgender healthcare, including appropriate treatment of cardiovascular disease.[59]

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