In the US, the incidence of SCFE was 10.8 cases per 100,000 children per year during the period 1997-2000.[9]Lehmann CL, Arons RR, Loder RT, et al. The epidemiology of slipped capital femoral epiphysis: an update. J Pediatr Orthop. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):286-90.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16670536?tool=bestpractice.com
However, there is some evidence that SCFE incidence rates may be decreasing in North America and elsewhere. In Ontario, Canada, decreasing incidence of SFCE was reported over a 10 year period to 2011 (with an average annual incidence rate of 5.68 per 100,000).[10]Ravinsky R, Rofaiel J, Escott BG, et al. Epidemiology of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis in Ontario, Canada. J Pediatr Orthop. 2019 Mar;39(3):e165-e167.
https://www.doi.org/10.1097/BPO.0000000000001254
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30199462?tool=bestpractice.com
In the UK, an overall SCFE incidence of 4.8 per 100,000 children (0-16 years) was reported through 1990 to 2013.[11]Perry DC, Metcalfe D, Costa ML, et al. A nationwide cohort study of slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Arch Dis Child. 2017 Dec;102(12):1132-1136.
https://www.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2016-312328
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28663349?tool=bestpractice.com
The overall incidence is approximately 4 times higher in African-American children than in white children, and 2.5 times higher in Hispanic children compared with white children.[9]Lehmann CL, Arons RR, Loder RT, et al. The epidemiology of slipped capital femoral epiphysis: an update. J Pediatr Orthop. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):286-90.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16670536?tool=bestpractice.com
Sex differences have also been noted, with rates for males higher than those for females.[9]Lehmann CL, Arons RR, Loder RT, et al. The epidemiology of slipped capital femoral epiphysis: an update. J Pediatr Orthop. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):286-90.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16670536?tool=bestpractice.com
[11]Perry DC, Metcalfe D, Costa ML, et al. A nationwide cohort study of slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Arch Dis Child. 2017 Dec;102(12):1132-1136.
https://www.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2016-312328
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28663349?tool=bestpractice.com
US geographic region may be an epidemiologic factor with higher reported incidence rates in the northeast and west than in the midwestern and southern regions of the US.[9]Lehmann CL, Arons RR, Loder RT, et al. The epidemiology of slipped capital femoral epiphysis: an update. J Pediatr Orthop. 2006 May-Jun;26(3):286-90.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16670536?tool=bestpractice.com
Average age of onset has decreased in recent years.[5]Loder RT, Aronson DD, Greenfield ML. The epidemiology of bilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a study of children in Michigan. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993 Aug;75(8):1141-7.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8354672?tool=bestpractice.com
[12]Murray AW, Wilson NI. Changing incidence of slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a relationship with obesity? J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2008 Jan;90(1):92-4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18160507?tool=bestpractice.com
Peak age of diagnosis is between 11 to 12 years for girls, and 12 to 13 years for boys.[11]Perry DC, Metcalfe D, Costa ML, et al. A nationwide cohort study of slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Arch Dis Child. 2017 Dec;102(12):1132-1136.
https://www.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2016-312328
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28663349?tool=bestpractice.com
[12]Murray AW, Wilson NI. Changing incidence of slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a relationship with obesity? J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2008 Jan;90(1):92-4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18160507?tool=bestpractice.com
Lower age at onset may, in part, be due to adolescence commencing earlier.
Childhood obesity correlates closely with increased incidence of SCFE.[5]Loder RT, Aronson DD, Greenfield ML. The epidemiology of bilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a study of children in Michigan. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993 Aug;75(8):1141-7.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8354672?tool=bestpractice.com
[11]Perry DC, Metcalfe D, Costa ML, et al. A nationwide cohort study of slipped capital femoral epiphysis. Arch Dis Child. 2017 Dec;102(12):1132-1136.
https://www.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2016-312328
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28663349?tool=bestpractice.com
[12]Murray AW, Wilson NI. Changing incidence of slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a relationship with obesity? J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2008 Jan;90(1):92-4.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18160507?tool=bestpractice.com
[13]Perry DC, Metcalfe D, Lane S, et al. Childhood Obesity and Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis. Pediatrics. 2018 Nov;142(5):.
https://www.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-1067
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30348751?tool=bestpractice.com
Epidemiologic studies report lower age at diagnosis among children who are obese.[5]Loder RT, Aronson DD, Greenfield ML. The epidemiology of bilateral slipped capital femoral epiphysis: a study of children in Michigan. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993 Aug;75(8):1141-7.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8354672?tool=bestpractice.com
[13]Perry DC, Metcalfe D, Lane S, et al. Childhood Obesity and Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis. Pediatrics. 2018 Nov;142(5):.
https://www.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-1067
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30348751?tool=bestpractice.com
[14]Loder RT. The demographics of slipped capital femoral epiphysis. An international multicenter study. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996 Jan;(322):8-27.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8542716?tool=bestpractice.com
The incidence of valgus SCFE is estimated to be at around 5% of SCFE cases.[3]Shank CF, Thiel EJ, Klingele KE, et al. Valgus slipped capital femoral epiphysis: prevalence, presentation, and treatment options. J Pediatr Orthop. 2010 Mar;30(2):140-6.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20179561?tool=bestpractice.com