Primary prevention
In the healthy, first-time pregnant woman there is no known strategy to prevent a miscarriage. In the first-time pregnant woman who has a significant medical, surgical, or other related disorder, the concept of prevention of miscarriage is difficult to define. Health education campaigns might reduce harmful maternal exposures and the risk of spontaneous miscarriage.[61] There is insufficient evidence on the intake of vitamins or bed rest in early pregnancy to help prevent miscarriage, stillbirth, or other maternal and infant outcomes. However, a Cochrane review showed that women receiving multivitamins plus iron and folic acid had a reduced risk of stillbirth compared with women taking iron and folic acid only.[62][63]
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Secondary prevention
The frequency of recurrent miscarriage may be modified but the condition may not be preventable.
Preimplantation genetic screening has the potential of possibly reducing miscarriage,[148] especially if the cause of recurrent miscarriage appears to be chromosomal in etiology. It may also be useful in older patients, pregnancies from assisted conception, or following established chromosomal anomalies in a recent conceptus or baby.
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