Primary prevention

Adequate hydration should be advised in activities at risk of overexertion, for example, sports and high-intensity exercise regimens.[19][20][25]

Secondary prevention

Rare genetic defects of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (e.g., carnitine palmitoyltransferase deficiency and myophosphorylase deficiency [McArdle syndrome]) can cause hereditary rhabdomyolysis. In these patients, adequate nutrition and hydration is required in periods of exercise.[1][5][22][40]

Long-term management may require changes to dietary patterns.[42]

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