Between 60% and 85% of patients with ADHD will continue to meet the criteria for an ADHD diagnosis in adolescence, and significant functional impairment often persists into adulthood.[201]Barkley RA, Fischer M, Edelbrock CS, et al. The adolescent outcome of hyperactive children diagnosed by research criteria: I. an 8-year prospective follow-up study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1990 Jul;29(4):546-57.
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[202]Biederman J, Faraone S, Milberger S, et al. A prospective 4-year follow-up study of ADHD and related disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996 May;53(5):437-46.
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Over time, symptoms of hyperactivity tend to remit, while impairments in attention persist. In fact, patients with the predominantly inattentive presentation of ADHD often present later (e.g., middle school, high school) because their lack of hyperactivity and impulsivity makes them less disruptive in elementary school than children with combined ADHD. Adolescents and adults with symptoms of ADHD have higher risk for academic and professional difficulties, development of conduct disorder and antisocial behaviors, maladaptive relationships, increased injuries and car accidents, and teen pregnancies.[203]Curry AE, Yerys BE, Metzger KB, et al. Traffic crashes, violations, and suspensions among young drivers with ADHD. Pediatrics. 2019 Jun;143(6):e20182305.
https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/143/6/e20182305
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[204]Barkley RA, Fischer M, Smallish L, et al. Young adult follow-up of hyperactive children: antisocial activities and drug use. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2004 Feb;45(2):195-211.
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[205]Barkley RA, Fischer M, Smallish L, et al. Young adult outcome of hyperactive children: adaptive functioning in major life activities. J Am Acad Child Adoles Pscyhiatry. 2006 Feb;45(2):192-202.
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