Differentials

Pituitary macroadenoma

SIGNS / SYMPTOMS
INVESTIGATIONS
SIGNS / SYMPTOMS

Headache and bitemporal hemianopia symptoms related to other pituitary hormonal deficiencies; for example, weight loss and nausea due to adrenal insufficiency, or cold intolerance and constipation due to hypothyroidism.

INVESTIGATIONS

Low luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone levels with pituitary macroadenoma.

Possible low thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and cortisol levels.

MRI of the pituitary reveals pituitary lesion.

Prolactinoma

SIGNS / SYMPTOMS
INVESTIGATIONS
SIGNS / SYMPTOMS

Headache, bitemporal hemianopia, and occasional galactorrhea.

INVESTIGATIONS

MRI of the pituitary reveals pituitary lesion.

Serum prolactin elevated.

Hyperprolactinemia

SIGNS / SYMPTOMS
INVESTIGATIONS
SIGNS / SYMPTOMS

Galactorrhea (exceptionally rare).

Headache may be present if hyperprolactinemia is secondary to prolactinoma.

INVESTIGATIONS

Elevated prolactin levels. Hypothyroidism and medications such as dopamine antagonists should be excluded.

Depression

SIGNS / SYMPTOMS
INVESTIGATIONS
SIGNS / SYMPTOMS

Depression resulting in reduced libido.

Psychogenic erectile dysfunction.

INVESTIGATIONS

With depression, hormonal tests may be normal.

Normal early morning erections will still occur if erectile dysfunction is psychogenic.

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