Infants <1 year of age
Infants aged <1 year account for most deaths from pertussis.[8]Yeung KHT, Duclos P, Nelson EAS, et al. An update of the global burden of pertussis in children younger than 5 years: a modelling study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 Sep;17(9):974-80.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28623146?tool=bestpractice.com
[10]American Academy of Pediatrics. Red book 2024-2027: report of the committee on infectious diseases. May 2024 [internet publication].
https://publications.aap.org/redbook?autologincheck=redirected
One half to two-thirds of all infants aged <1 year who have pertussis require hospitalisation, most commonly those aged <6 months. Case fatality rates are also highest in young infants: 1% in those aged <2 months and <0.5% in older children.[2]Kilgore PE, Salim AM, Zervos MJ, et al. Pertussis: microbiology, disease, treatment, and prevention. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2016 Jul;29(3):449-86.
https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/CMR.00083-15
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27029594?tool=bestpractice.com
Aged >1 year
In older children and adults, the prognosis is generally very good, although cough may persist for months.[2]Kilgore PE, Salim AM, Zervos MJ, et al. Pertussis: microbiology, disease, treatment, and prevention. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2016 Jul;29(3):449-86.
https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/CMR.00083-15
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27029594?tool=bestpractice.com
[20]Liang JL, Tiwari T, Moro P, et al. Prevention of pertussis, tetanus, and diphtheria with vaccines in the United States: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep. 2018 Apr 27;67(2):1-44.
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/67/rr/rr6702a1.htm
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29702631?tool=bestpractice.com
The rate of developing pneumonia is up to 8% and rib fracture is up to 4%.[2]Kilgore PE, Salim AM, Zervos MJ, et al. Pertussis: microbiology, disease, treatment, and prevention. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2016 Jul;29(3):449-86.
https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/CMR.00083-15
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27029594?tool=bestpractice.com
Morbidity and mortality is increased in older adults and in people with pre-existing pulmonary disease.