Angle-closure glaucoma

Acute angle-closure attacks[23]Aung T, Friedman DS, Chew PT, et al. Long-term outcomes in Asians after acute primary angle closure. Ophthalmology. 2004 Aug;111(8):1464-9. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15288972?tool=bestpractice.com

• Presence of at least 2 of the following symptoms: ocular or periocular pain, nausea and/or vomiting, an antecedent history of intermittent blurring of vision with haloes.

• Presenting intra-ocular pressure (IOP) >21 mmHg.

• Presence of at least 3 of the following signs: conjunctival injection, corneal epithelial oedema, mid-dilated unreactive pupil, and shallow anterior chamber.

Chronic angle-closure attacks[34]Foster PJ, Buhrmann R, Quigley HA, et al. The definition and classification of glaucoma in prevalence surveys. Br J Ophthalmol. 2002 Feb;86(2):238-42. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1771026 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11815354?tool=bestpractice.com

Developed for the use in prevalence surveys. It identifies 3 stages in the natural history of angle closure:

• Primary angle-closure suspect: an 'occludable angle', with normal IOP, optic disc, and visual field, without evidence of peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS).

• Primary angle-closure: an 'occludable angle' with either raised IOP and/or primary PAS. Optic disc and field normal.

• Primary angle-closure glaucoma: primary angle closure with evidence of glaucomatous damage to optic disc and visual field.