Proton-pump inhibitors can be given in patients at risk of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding.
COX-2 inhibitors may be safer than traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with a history of GI bleeding or comorbid medical conditions.[30]National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Feb 2018 [internet publication].
https://www.nice.org.uk/advice/ktt13
[34]Emery P, Zeidler H, Kvien TK, et al. Celecoxib versus diclofenac in long-term management of rheumatoid arthritis: randomized double-blind comparison. Lancet. 1999 Dec 18-25;354(9196):2106-11.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10609815?tool=bestpractice.com
[35]Silverstein FE, Faich G, Goldstein JL, et al. Gastrointestinal toxicity with celecoxib vs nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: the CLASS study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2000 Sep 13;284(10):1247-55.
http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/284/10/1247
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10979111?tool=bestpractice.com
long term
low
Postsurgical septic costochondritis may have a relatively worse prognosis. Residual pain arising from secondary degenerative changes may occur in some cases.