Most recurrence happens within 2 to 3 years.[201]Friedlander M, Grogan M; US Preventive Services Task Force. Guidelines for the treatment of recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer. Oncologist. 2002;7(4):342-7.
https://theoncologist.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1634/theoncologist.2002-0342?sid=nlm%3Apubmed
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12185296?tool=bestpractice.com
[202]Elit L, Fyles AW, Oliver TK, et al. Follow-up for women after treatment for cervical cancer. Curr Oncol. 2010 Jun;17(3):65-9.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2880906
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20567627?tool=bestpractice.com
The tumour may spread locally; to the lymphatic system (pelvic or para-aortic 11%, supraclavicular 7%); haematogenously (lungs 21%, bone 16%, liver, adrenals, brain); or transcelomically to the ovary or bowel (more common in adenocarcinomas but rare, <2%).[201]Friedlander M, Grogan M; US Preventive Services Task Force. Guidelines for the treatment of recurrent and metastatic cervical cancer. Oncologist. 2002;7(4):342-7.
https://theoncologist.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1634/theoncologist.2002-0342?sid=nlm%3Apubmed
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12185296?tool=bestpractice.com
The 5-year relative survival is approximately 67%, but varies based on disease stage at diagnosis:[4]National Cancer Institute: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program. Cancer stat facts: cervical cancer. 2024 [internet publication].
https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/cervix.html
Localised (stage I): 91.1%
Regional (stage II-III): 60.8%
Distant (stage IV): 19.4%
Cervical cancer survivors remain at risk of developing a second human papillomavirus-associated primary cancer, although the risk appears to be low.[203]Suk R, Mahale P, Sonawane K, et al. Trends in risks for second primary cancers associated with index human papillomavirus-associated cancers. JAMA Netw Open. 2018 Sep 7;1(5):e181999.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6324459
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30646145?tool=bestpractice.com