Monitoring
The complex nature of stimulant use disorders makes straightforward monitoring difficult. Programmes that offer both psychological and sociological interventions and monitoring of urine for toxicological evidence of continued use may help to reduce recurrence. Additionally, patients require ongoing assessment and treatment of comorbid medical and psychiatric conditions.
Non-sterile injecting practices and risky sexual behaviour among people who use amfetamine/methamphetamine is a major contributor to the spread of HIV, hepatitis, and other infections.[24][140] Frequent monitoring of HIV and hepatitis B and C status is indicated. For those who engage in risky sexual behaviours, expert opinion supports the offer of ongoing testing/referral for testing for sexually transmitted infections at least every 3-6 months.[14]
Random and unexpected urine toxicology screening for those in treatment programmes and those under legal monitoring (i.e., parole) may provide deterrence. Echocardiogram can be used to evaluate for valve abnormalities and pulmonary hypertension associated with intravenous drug use and amfetamine use. Hospital evaluation is required for any patient who uses intravenous stimulants with an unexplained febrile event, or any patient with amfetamine/methamphetamine use disorder who experiences unexplained chest pain or shortness of breath.
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