Criteria
World Health Organization: chikungunya case definition[63]
Clinical criteria: acute onset of fever >38.5°C (>101.3°F) and severe arthralgia/arthritis not explained by other medical conditions.
Epidemiological criteria: residing in or having visited epidemic areas, having reported transmission within 15 days prior to the onset of symptoms.
Laboratory criteria: at least one of the following tests in the acute phase:
Virus isolation
Presence of viral RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
Presence of virus-specific IgM antibodies in single serum sample collected in acute or convalescent stage
Fourfold increase in IgG values in samples collected at least 3 weeks apart.
Possible case: a patient meeting clinical criteria.
Probable case: a patient meeting both the clinical and epidemiological criteria.
Confirmed case: a patient meeting the laboratory criteria, irrespective of the clinical presentation.
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control: chikungunya case definition for surveillance[73]
Clinical criteria: acute onset of fever >38.5°C (>101.3°F) and severe/incapacitating arthralgia not explained by other medical conditions.
Epidemiological criteria: residing in or having visited epidemic areas, having reported transmission within 15 days prior to the onset of symptoms.
Laboratory criteria: at least one of the following tests in the acute phase:
Virus isolation
Presence of viral RNA by RT-PCR
Presence of virus-specific IgM/IgG antibodies in single serum sample collected
Seroconversion to virus-specific antibodies in samples, collected at least 1 to 3 weeks apart.
Possible case: a patient meeting clinical criteria.
Probable case: a patient meeting both the clinical and epidemiological criteria.
Confirmed case: a patient meeting the laboratory criteria, irrespective of the clinical presentation.
Note: this case definition is currently being revised.
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