Complications
Debate continues as to whether severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a risk factor for asthma or simply an indicator of predisposition.[147] Several studies support an association or causal link.[148][149][150] However, severe RSV disease is associated with the development of chronic respiratory complications such as recurrent wheezing and asthma.[83]
Infants who have severe lower respiratory tract disease (eg, bronchiolitis or pneumonia) from RSV have an increased risk of developing asthma later in life.[8]
Respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis may produce severe respiratory distress. High-risk infants, such as those with prematurity, chronic lung disease, complex congenital heart disease, or immune deficiency, are more likely to present with severe disease. Apnoea is a common complication, especially in very young infants, and may be the presenting sign.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause pneumonia in children and, rarely, in immunocompetent adults. RSV pneumonia usually presents with low-grade fever, persistent cough, and malaise.
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