Epidemiology
Historically, the prevalence of ACS was most frequently studied in the context of trauma, where it has been shown to occur in 1% of all general trauma admissions and 5% to 15% of trauma ICU admissions.[2] However, improvement in resuscitation and operative strategies in trauma patients has significantly reduced the prevalence of ACS.[3] Currently, in patients with known risk factors, intra-abdominal hypertension can be found in approximately 25% of ICU admissions with almost 3% having ACS.[4] Mortality rate is high, ranging from 25% to 75%, due to the presence of multi-organ failure and severe underlying injuries.[2] The mortality associated with raised intra-abdominal pressure itself is attributable to ACS.[2]
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