Complications
Ingestion of hepatotoxic plants (e.g., pennyroyal, Senecio, green tea extract, kava kava) may lead to the need for liver transplantation.
Untreated cardiotoxicity and dysrhythmia (e.g., from ingesting yew, monkshood, oleander, or foxglove) may lead to cardiac arrest.
Many plants contain cardiac glycosides in varying concentrations that have actions on the heart virtually identical to digoxin (e.g., foxglove, oleander, lily of the valley, red squill).[8] Untreated ingestion may lead to sequelae of digoxin overdose.
Opium poppy seeds (Papaver somniferum) contain opium and many refined opiates, including morphine, thebaine, codeine, papaverine, and noscapine. Other plants have opioid receptor agonist effects (e.g., Salvia divinorum, Kratom). Untreated ingestion may lead to sequelae of opioid overdose.
Untreated ingestion of plants inducing bone marrow suppression (e.g., vinca alkaloids, autumn crocus, Glory lily, Podophyllum) may lead to myelosuppression.
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