Film Studies

Beijing Film Academy 2022
The annual Beijing Film Academy Yearbook highlights the best academic debates, discussions and research from the previous year, as previously published in the highly prestigious Journal of Beijing Film Academy. This volume brings together specially selected articles, appearing for the first time in English, to bridge the gap in cross-cultural research in cinema and media studies.
The book is the latest in the Intellect China Library series to produce work by Chinese scholars that have not previously been available to English language academia. Covering the subjects of film studies, visual arts, performing arts, media and cultural studies, the series aims to foster intellectual debate and to promote closer cross-cultural intellectual exchanges by introducing important works of Chinese scholarship to readers.

Shaping Global Cultures through Screenwriting
Women Who Write Our Worlds
This book tells inspirational stories of women who have worked with and within communities to bring stories to life through screenwriting. As such the book evidences that women’s work is important; that ‘films can change lives’. The collection divides the chapters according to worlds, in recognition of the fact that though we live on one planet, the conditions of existence are vastly different between first and third worlds; between the wealthiest and the poorest.
Each chapter shows how attitudes have shifted, policies have been rewritten, and life experiences and horizons have been altered for specific communities through these instances of screenwriting. The themes touched upon include gender, race, disability, culture, war, colonization, labour relations, political ideologies, to name a few. The parallels found amongst these themes across national, religious and cultural divides, are also telling. The book is wide in its scope, considering screenwriting a skill which can apply to games, social media, music videos, virtual reality … in fact, any of the burgeoning formats alive on our devices and through constantly evolving platforms. All are considered screenwriting.
The book is a celebration of the female writers who have told screen stories that educate and heal.
The book suits readers across disciplines, including screenwriting, filmmaking, women’s studies, history, sociology, and many other areas.

Essay Film and Narrative Techniques
Screen-writing Non-fiction
The collection explores various methods of screen-writing for essay film, through a diverse set of reflections and analyses of canonical and unconventional approaches of essay filmmaking. It includes contributions from filmmakers and practice-led researchers, who reflect on their production process in the form of production diaries or self-critique, and analyses from scholars who investigate the production contexts of essay film, as well as interviews with filmmakers on how their practices are conceptualised and contextualised. Overall, it takes essay film as an expression of personal camera, collaborative/collective work, and experimental work where the boundaries between different art forms blurs and merges.

Beijing Film Academy 2021
The annual Beijing Film Academy Yearbook highlights the best academic debates, discussions and research from the previous year, as previously published in the highly prestigious Journal of Beijing Film Academy. This volume brings together specially selected articles, appearing for the first time in English, to bridge the gap in cross-cultural research in cinema and media studies.
The book is the latest in the Intellect China Library series to produce work by Chinese scholars that has not previously been available to English language academia. Covering the subjects of film studies, visual arts, performing arts, media and cultural studies, the series aims to foster intellectual debate and to promote closer cross-cultural intellectual exchanges by introducing important works of Chinese scholarship to readers.

Without Empathy
Irony and the Satirical Impulse in Eight Major Filmmakers
Irony and the satirical impulse in cinema have gradually lost favor, mockery increasingly more selective in its choice of targets. As Linda Hutcheon notes, irony is becoming a problematic mode of expression in the 21st century.
The book examines the work of eight film auteurs: Luis Bunuel, RW Fassbinder, Stanley Kubrick, Robert Altman, Paul Verhoeven, Aki Kaurismaki, Aleksei Balabanov and David Lynch, much of whose work is not always regarded thus and the films examined are often more ironic than satirical. From apparent melodrama and eroticism to fantasy and horror, these eight directors redefine satire’s limits, providing evidence that irony in cinema often goes unrecognised.
The introduction examines the various categories of satire, and the chapters then study the filmmakers individually through selected works, offering interpretations of films and identifying a consistent approach. Since the work is often ambiguous the book speculates on each film’s purport, engaging in textual interpretation of individual works to understand concerns underneath the most obvious. The Afterword tries to find common targets and strategies on the filmmakers’ part.

At the Movies, Film Reviewing, and Screenwriting
Selective Affinities and Cultural Mediation
This book examines film reviewing and screenwriting as key sites of cultural mediation, providing new insights on the relationship between criticism and reviewing, as well as the way reviewers handle concepts of story, dialogue, and narrative.
Drawing on the work of Pierre Bourdieu on the cultural field, and his theory of taste, the book provides an assessment of the place of film reviewing in contemporary screen culture. The book analyses a case study comprised of ten years of television scripts of the Australian film reviewing programme, At the Movies (2004–2014). Hosted by two of Australia’s most eminent film critics, Margaret Pomeranz and David Stratton, for over two decades, this study of At the Movies provides a unique window into film reviewing, movie consumption, and wider cultural attitudes in this period of Australian cultural history. It examines the programme’s cultural significance, and the contribution of Margaret and David to screen culture.
This book makes a significant contribution to an under-studied area of media studies (the review), screenwriting research through the analysis of broadcast scripts, and cultural studies through the study of an important television programme.

Transactions, Rumbi Katedza (dir.) (2022), Zimbabwe and South Africa: Mai Jai Films
Review of: Transactions, Rumbi Katedza (dir.) (2022), Zimbabwe and South Africa: Mai Jai Films

Queering Nollywood: Perspectives on same-sex relations in Nigerian filmmaking
Nigeria is one of the nations in which same-sex relations are still criminalized. Reflecting this sociopolitical and cultural context, Nollywood, Nigeria’s film industry, has traditionally portrayed homosexual characters in largely villainous roles. However, the industry seems to have undergone shifts from staunch heteronormative narratives with unease towards homosexuality to tolerance and even open-ended film stories. This article explores the various characterizations of LGBTQ+ persons in Nollywood to underscore the advances in the industry’s narration of LGBTQ+ individuals in Nigeria. The article engages in a qualitative study of select Nollywood films focusing on the changing thematic, characterization and narrative views of homosexuality. This article provides insights into how Nollywood cinemas may offer a glimpse into the evolving understanding of queerness in Nigerian society.

From novel to screenplay: The rewriting of Hurricane Season (2017) by Fernanda Melchor into the screenplay by Elisa Miller (2022)
In this study, I aim to explore the strategies employed by Elisa Miller in rewriting the novel Hurricane Season (2017) by Fernanda Melchor into her screenplay of the same name (2022, draft 6.2). Strategies include the reassignment of dialogue between different characters in the novel or between the same character at different times in the story; the assignment of narratees not necessarily designated in the novel; the development or creation of characters that did not exist in the novel; the organization of the time of the story through indications in slug lines; and the replacement of the channels through which certain messages are presented, among others. It is concluded that the rewriting of Hurricane Season draws on a variety of strategies that synthesize and reorganize the source text, in accordance with the language of cinematic writing, but which also allow reappropriation through the expression of the screenwriter’s interpretation of the novel. It is not merely about translating the novel into another medium or exposing it to a different audience but rather about reinterpreting and even modifying it from the perspective of the adapter.

The Case of Nuclear Documentary
The two worst disasters in the history of nuclear energy at Chernobyl in the former Soviet Union in 1986 and Fukushima in Japan in 2011 were followed by reports calling for greater transparency in the interests of the safety of the planet. Part of the response to this call was to give access to documentary filmmakers to the nuclear landscapes created by these accidents. A wider effect has also involved greater access to operating sites with the recognition that the public consent required to operate, close, remediate, and renew nuclear sites requires openness. This chapter explores how the social issue documentary has evolved within the ‘zone of alienation’ and the ‘no man's zone’ and nuclear sites undergoing change. In so doing, the chapter discusses documentary filmmaking as an integral part of a liberal democracy or the “risk society”, as theorized by Ulrich Beck.

The Documentary Disposition
We live in a moment of epistemic crisis. Truth claims made by pubic officials and cultural producers alike seem more and more to require our sustained critique. This chapter interrogates the status of the documentary film to think about the very idea of truth-telling through media forms. It aims to discover something of the complex character of nonfiction film and media by way of the notion of “disposition,” a word that entered the English language in the 12th century and carries with it a multiplicity of meanings that encompass historical, formal, philosophical and ideological nuances.

From Testimony to the Cinema of Action in the Vídeo nas Aldeias Project
This paper reflects on the relationships established between the audio-moving image and Indigenous communities in Brazil, from the arrival and appropriation of video technologies to the development of documentary strategies. It is about expanding the ways of seeing and narrating with Indigenous people, engaging in a radical movement of image production aimed at allowing these subjects, traditionally objects of alterity, to ally themselves with filmmakers and develop their own images resulting in a cinema of action. Brazilian indigenous cinema is thus constituted as a complex field, mainly promoted by the ‘Vídeo nas Aldeias’ (Video in the Villages VNA) project. This paper explores the conceptual aspects involved in these practices, contextualizing their development, and focusing on its testimonial nature, considered as one of the strong axes of its execution.

Documentary Storytelling for Social Change in the Participatory Media Age: Understanding Non-fiction's Social Impact and Future Challenges
Documentaries often serve as a creative mechanism to advance social change and justice in the networked participatory media age. They do so through the intimacy of human-centered emotional narrative alongside the machinations of civil society, activist organizations, and communities that leverage documentaries in both social impact campaigns and organic calls for change. This chapter explains how contemporary documentaries, makers, and social impact teams have evolved their collaborative work together to advance social justice and change in the participatory media age; the cultural context behind the rise of these practices; methodologies by which researchers and engaged scholars can examine and study documentary's social influence; and challenges for the future of human rights activism in a media age dominated by corporate streaming networks. Grounded in theoretical foundations that combine narrative and entertainment persuasion, networked social movement theory, and participatory culture, this chapter also presents research methods to examine documentary's influence across the level of the story (audience) and public engagement (social justice activism).

‘We Are Dead and We Are Going to Die’: The Apocalypse Documentary
Documentary may be becoming the new science fiction, as more films set their sights on the future, which is increasingly being represented as all but lost. In this rush toward these catastrophic representations, this chapter posits a new genre to be considered: the Apocalypse documentary. Not only do these films align with the assertion that the end of the world may be easier to imagine than the end of capitalism, but they are also distinctly gendered, as if the feminized labor of “staying with the trouble” is not nearly as captivating or spectacular as envisioning our own demise.

Augmented Reality in Documentary
This chapter considers how augmented reality in documentary might be conceptualized in terms of ways that material and perceptual reality are augmented by virtual and machine-generated layers. We argue for uses of digital technologies, including mobile apps, and projection mapping, when they augment what passes as reality. We examine documentaries from Canada, China, México, and United States, tracing a three-stage process of how to think with place in an environmental way-rather than think about place in a cinematic way. Emmanuel Anguiano, Leslie Garcia, Paloma López, and Felipe Rebolledo's Aire v.3; S. Topiary Landberg's Exit Zero; Yi Cui's Migrating Cinema; Jennifer Norton, Matt Rogalsky, Laura Murray, and Dorit Naaman's Swimming Upstream; and Liz Miller and MJ Thompson's WasteScapes use machine vision to visualize invisible histories, such as natural and built environments that no longer exist, and invisible realities, such as air pollution and extinct species.

Reflection, Staging and Documentary Film: The Monadic Camera-Subject
Documentary mise-en-scène processes the camera-take circumstance. The take reflects being-there in a particular mode of existence (the reflecting one), staging to a camera that coalesces individuations. Gathered, takes make films (or series) with diverse functions of enunciation sustaining ethical ensembles. The documentary voice structures a mega-enunciator defining how audiovisual emission-ending (films) compose multiple styles of mise-en-scène (the epistemological; the recoiled voice; the interacting disposition; the reflexive auto-conscient; the sensuous touching). Documentary film can be at large with this ending, ‘body-touching’ a differential gap. The machinical camera-subject is the myriad surface of reflecting camera-monads communicating their agency through the visibility of empiricity.

Radical Civic Media: Equipe Media, Western Sahara and Global Documentary Ecologies
This chapter focuses not only on an analysis of the content, production and distribution of 3 Stolen Cameras but also on the larger global media and activist ecologies that Equipe Media works within. They work within these ecologies to attack the occupation on several fronts. Equipe Media operates within several modalities developed in the radical documentary film tradition and within the domain of civic media but expands and adds to these modalities to effectively disseminate its message within varied global media ecologies. This chapter argues that Equipe Media successfully instrumentalizes documentary media as a non-violent weapon within documentary, journalistic, human rights, activist, and online ecologies. It approaches their work as a form of ‘radical civic media’ that is deployed within larger ‘militant civic cultures’ in Western Sahara with the goal of ending the occupation and having the self-determination and human rights of the Sahrawi people recognized under international law.

Documentary Says ‘We’: Lyrical Polyphony as Practice
This chapter argues that a polyphonic mode, particularly one based upon the act of reading and performing shared texts aloud and listening for responses across diverse and intersectional identities, can be one way to approach collaborative documentary production. This argument is evidenced in three case studies: Yours in Sisterhood (Irene Lusztig 2018), The Cancer Journals Revisited (Lana Lin 2018), and J.R. and Alice Rohrwacher's Omelia Contadina (2020). In the first two films, participants self-narrate their experience in response to temporally removed texts; in Omelia Contadina, an in-situ mourning ritual includes a performance of multiple elegiac texts as one, intertwining individual voices in a collective political action. Each filmmaker collaborates with participants to visualize and hear a latent community to confront a distinct crisis-systemic sexism, breast cancer, and the destruction of traditional farming. Classic and contemporary examples of polyphony explore the contours of the mode.