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Customization and Filters and Bots

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References

  1. Bail, Christopher A. , Argyle, Lisa , Brown, Taylor , Bumpus, John , Chen, Haohan , Hunzaker, M. B. F. , Lee, Jaemin , Mann, Marcus , Merhout, Friedolin , and Volfovsky, Alexander (2018), ‘Exposure to opposing views can increase political polarization: Evidence from a large-scale field experiment on social media’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115:37, pp. 9216–21.53
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  2. Bakshy, Eytan , Messing, Solomon , and Adamic, Lada A. (2015), ‘Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook’, Science, 348:6239, pp. 1130–32.
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  3. Barberá, Pablo (2015), ‘How social media reduces mass political polarization: Evidence from Germany, Spain, and the US’, Paper presented at the 2015 APSA Conference.
  4. Barberá, Pablo (2020), ‘Social media, echo chambers, and political polarization’, in N. Persily and J. A. Tucker (eds), Social Media and Democracy: The State of the Field, Prospects for Reform, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 34–55.
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  5. Bessi, Alessandro and Ferrara, Emilio (2016), ‘Social bots distort the 2016 US Presidential election online discussion’, First Monday, 21:11, n.pag.
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  6. Bovet, Alexandre and Makse, Hernán (2019), ‘Influence of fake news in Twitter during the 2016 US presidential election’, Nature Communications, 10:7, pp. 1–13.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Boxell, Levi , Gentzkow, Matthew , and Shapiro, Jesse M. (2017), ‘Greater Internet use is not associated with faster growth in political polarization among US demographic groups’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114:40, pp. 10612–17.
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  8. Bruns, Axel (2019), ‘Filter bubble’, Internet Policy Review, 8:4, n.pag.
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  9. Bruns, Axel and Enli, Gunn (2018), ‘The Norwegian Twittersphere: Structure and dynamics’, Nordicom Review, 39:1, pp. 129–48.
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  10. Bruns, Axel , Moon, Brenda , Münch, Felix , and Sadkowsky, Troy (2017), ‘The Australian Twittersphere in 2016: Mapping the follower/followee network’, Social Media + Society, 3:4, pp. 1–15.
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  11. Carroll, Erin C. (2019), ‘Platforms and the fall of the Fourth Estate: Looking beyond the First Amendment to protect watchdog journalism’, Maryland Law Review, 79, pp. 529–89.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Cinelli, Matteo , Morales, Gianmarco D. F. , Galeazzi, Alessandro , Quattrociocchi, Walter , and Starnini, Michele (2021), ‘The echo chamber effect on social media’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118:9, pp. 1–8.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Dubois, Elizabeth and Blank, Grant (2018), ‘The echo chamber is overstated: The moderating effect of political interest and diverse media’, Information, Communication & Society, 21:5, pp. 729–45.
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  14. Ferrara, Emilio , Varol, Onur , Davis, Clayton , Menczer, Filippo , and Flammini, Alessandro (2016), ‘The rise of social bots’, Communications of the ACM, 59:7, pp. 96–104.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Fletcher, Richard and Nielsen, Rasmus K. (2018), ‘Are people incidentally exposed to news on social media? A comparative analysis’, New Media & Society, 20:7, pp. 2450–68.
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  16. Gabler, Neal (2016), ‘The internet and social media are increasingly divisive and undermining of democracy’, Alternet.org, 30 June, https://www.alternet.org/2016/06/digital-divide-american-politics/. Accessed 20 June 2023 .
  17. Gorodnichenko, Yuriy , Pham, Tho , and Talavera, Oleksandr (2021), ‘Social media, sentiment and public opinions: Evidence from #Brexit and #USElection’, European Economic Review, 136, p. 103772.54
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  18. Haustein, Stephanie , Bowman, Timothy D. , Holmberg, Kim , Tsou, Andrew , Sugimoto, Cassidy R. , and Larivière, Vincent (2016), ‘Tweets as impact indicators: Examining the implications of automated “bot” accounts on Twitter’, Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 67:1, pp. 232–38.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Hosanagar, Kartik , Fleder, Daniel , Lee, Dokyun , and Buja, Andreas (2014), ‘Will the global village fracture into tribes? Recommender systems and their effects on consumer fragmentation’, Management Science, 60:4, pp. 805–23.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Howard, Philip N. (2020), Lie Machines: How to Save Democracy from Troll Armies, Deceitful Robots, Junk News Operations, and Political Operatives, New Haven: Yale University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Iyengar, Shanto , Sood, Gaurav , and Lelkes, Yphtach (2012), ‘Affect, not ideology: A social identity perspective on polarization’, Public Opinion Quarterly, 76:3, pp. 405–31.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Lewandowsky, Stephen , Ecker, Ullrich K. , Seifert, Colleen M. , Schwarz, Norbert , and Cook, John (2012), ‘Misinformation and its correction: Continued influence and successful debiasing’, Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 13:3, pp. 106–31.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Luceri, Luca , Deb, Ashok , Giordano, Silvia , and Ferrara, Emilio (2019), ‘Evolution of bot and human behavior during elections’, First Monday, 24:9, n.pag.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. McPherson, Miller , Smith-Lovin, Lynn , and Cook, James M. (2001), ‘Birds of a feather: Homophily in social networks’, Annual Review of Sociology, 27:1, pp. 415–44.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Pariser, Eli (2011), The Filter Bubble: What the Internet Is Hiding from You, London: Penguin.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Rietzschel, Antonie (2017), ‘Wie es in Facebooks Echokammern aussieht – von links bis rechts [What it looks like in Facebook's echochambers – From left to right]’, Süddeutsche Zeitung, 11 July, n.pag.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Settle, Jaime E. (2018), Frenemies: How Social Media Polarizes America, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Shao, Chengcheng , Ciampaglia, Giovanni L. , Varol, Onur , Yang, Kai-Cheng , Flammini, Alessandro , and Menczer, Filippo (2018), ‘The spread of low-credibility content by social bots’, Nature Communications, 9:1, pp. 1–9.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Sunstein, Cass R. (2001), Echo Chambers: Bush v. Gore, Impeachment, and Beyond, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Sunstein, C. R. (2017), #Republic, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
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  31. Tufekci, Zeynep (2018a), ‘YouTube, the great radicalizer’, The New York Times, 10 March, p. 23, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/10/opinion/sunday/youtube-politics-radical.html. Accessed 20 June 2023 .
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  32. Tufekci, Zeynep (2018b), ‘How social media took us from Tahrir Square to Donald Trump’, MIT Technology Review, 14, p. 18.
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Vosoughi, Soroush , Roy, Deb , and Aral, Sinan (2018), ‘The spread of true and false news online’, Science, 359:6380, pp. 1146–51.
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Wu, Tim (2017), ‘Is the first amendment obsolete?’, Knight First Amendment Institute, 1 September, n.pag., https://knightcolumbia.org/content/tim-wu-first-amendment-obsolete. Accessed 20 June 2023 .
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References

  1. Bail, Christopher A. , Argyle, Lisa , Brown, Taylor , Bumpus, John , Chen, Haohan , Hunzaker, M. B. F. , Lee, Jaemin , Mann, Marcus , Merhout, Friedolin , and Volfovsky, Alexander (2018), ‘Exposure to opposing views can increase political polarization: Evidence from a large-scale field experiment on social media’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115:37, pp. 9216–21.53
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Bakshy, Eytan , Messing, Solomon , and Adamic, Lada A. (2015), ‘Exposure to ideologically diverse news and opinion on Facebook’, Science, 348:6239, pp. 1130–32.
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Barberá, Pablo (2015), ‘How social media reduces mass political polarization: Evidence from Germany, Spain, and the US’, Paper presented at the 2015 APSA Conference.
  4. Barberá, Pablo (2020), ‘Social media, echo chambers, and political polarization’, in N. Persily and J. A. Tucker (eds), Social Media and Democracy: The State of the Field, Prospects for Reform, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 34–55.
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Bessi, Alessandro and Ferrara, Emilio (2016), ‘Social bots distort the 2016 US Presidential election online discussion’, First Monday, 21:11, n.pag.
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Bovet, Alexandre and Makse, Hernán (2019), ‘Influence of fake news in Twitter during the 2016 US presidential election’, Nature Communications, 10:7, pp. 1–13.
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Boxell, Levi , Gentzkow, Matthew , and Shapiro, Jesse M. (2017), ‘Greater Internet use is not associated with faster growth in political polarization among US demographic groups’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 114:40, pp. 10612–17.
     [Google Scholar]
  8. Bruns, Axel (2019), ‘Filter bubble’, Internet Policy Review, 8:4, n.pag.
     [Google Scholar]
  9. Bruns, Axel and Enli, Gunn (2018), ‘The Norwegian Twittersphere: Structure and dynamics’, Nordicom Review, 39:1, pp. 129–48.
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Bruns, Axel , Moon, Brenda , Münch, Felix , and Sadkowsky, Troy (2017), ‘The Australian Twittersphere in 2016: Mapping the follower/followee network’, Social Media + Society, 3:4, pp. 1–15.
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Carroll, Erin C. (2019), ‘Platforms and the fall of the Fourth Estate: Looking beyond the First Amendment to protect watchdog journalism’, Maryland Law Review, 79, pp. 529–89.
     [Google Scholar]
  12. Cinelli, Matteo , Morales, Gianmarco D. F. , Galeazzi, Alessandro , Quattrociocchi, Walter , and Starnini, Michele (2021), ‘The echo chamber effect on social media’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 118:9, pp. 1–8.
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Dubois, Elizabeth and Blank, Grant (2018), ‘The echo chamber is overstated: The moderating effect of political interest and diverse media’, Information, Communication & Society, 21:5, pp. 729–45.
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Ferrara, Emilio , Varol, Onur , Davis, Clayton , Menczer, Filippo , and Flammini, Alessandro (2016), ‘The rise of social bots’, Communications of the ACM, 59:7, pp. 96–104.
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Fletcher, Richard and Nielsen, Rasmus K. (2018), ‘Are people incidentally exposed to news on social media? A comparative analysis’, New Media & Society, 20:7, pp. 2450–68.
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Gabler, Neal (2016), ‘The internet and social media are increasingly divisive and undermining of democracy’, Alternet.org, 30 June, https://www.alternet.org/2016/06/digital-divide-american-politics/. Accessed 20 June 2023 .
  17. Gorodnichenko, Yuriy , Pham, Tho , and Talavera, Oleksandr (2021), ‘Social media, sentiment and public opinions: Evidence from #Brexit and #USElection’, European Economic Review, 136, p. 103772.54
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Haustein, Stephanie , Bowman, Timothy D. , Holmberg, Kim , Tsou, Andrew , Sugimoto, Cassidy R. , and Larivière, Vincent (2016), ‘Tweets as impact indicators: Examining the implications of automated “bot” accounts on Twitter’, Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 67:1, pp. 232–38.
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Hosanagar, Kartik , Fleder, Daniel , Lee, Dokyun , and Buja, Andreas (2014), ‘Will the global village fracture into tribes? Recommender systems and their effects on consumer fragmentation’, Management Science, 60:4, pp. 805–23.
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Howard, Philip N. (2020), Lie Machines: How to Save Democracy from Troll Armies, Deceitful Robots, Junk News Operations, and Political Operatives, New Haven: Yale University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Iyengar, Shanto , Sood, Gaurav , and Lelkes, Yphtach (2012), ‘Affect, not ideology: A social identity perspective on polarization’, Public Opinion Quarterly, 76:3, pp. 405–31.
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Lewandowsky, Stephen , Ecker, Ullrich K. , Seifert, Colleen M. , Schwarz, Norbert , and Cook, John (2012), ‘Misinformation and its correction: Continued influence and successful debiasing’, Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 13:3, pp. 106–31.
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Luceri, Luca , Deb, Ashok , Giordano, Silvia , and Ferrara, Emilio (2019), ‘Evolution of bot and human behavior during elections’, First Monday, 24:9, n.pag.
     [Google Scholar]
  24. McPherson, Miller , Smith-Lovin, Lynn , and Cook, James M. (2001), ‘Birds of a feather: Homophily in social networks’, Annual Review of Sociology, 27:1, pp. 415–44.
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Pariser, Eli (2011), The Filter Bubble: What the Internet Is Hiding from You, London: Penguin.
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Rietzschel, Antonie (2017), ‘Wie es in Facebooks Echokammern aussieht – von links bis rechts [What it looks like in Facebook's echochambers – From left to right]’, Süddeutsche Zeitung, 11 July, n.pag.
     [Google Scholar]
  27. Settle, Jaime E. (2018), Frenemies: How Social Media Polarizes America, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Shao, Chengcheng , Ciampaglia, Giovanni L. , Varol, Onur , Yang, Kai-Cheng , Flammini, Alessandro , and Menczer, Filippo (2018), ‘The spread of low-credibility content by social bots’, Nature Communications, 9:1, pp. 1–9.
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Sunstein, Cass R. (2001), Echo Chambers: Bush v. Gore, Impeachment, and Beyond, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Sunstein, C. R. (2017), #Republic, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Tufekci, Zeynep (2018a), ‘YouTube, the great radicalizer’, The New York Times, 10 March, p. 23, https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/10/opinion/sunday/youtube-politics-radical.html. Accessed 20 June 2023 .
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Tufekci, Zeynep (2018b), ‘How social media took us from Tahrir Square to Donald Trump’, MIT Technology Review, 14, p. 18.
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Vosoughi, Soroush , Roy, Deb , and Aral, Sinan (2018), ‘The spread of true and false news online’, Science, 359:6380, pp. 1146–51.
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Wu, Tim (2017), ‘Is the first amendment obsolete?’, Knight First Amendment Institute, 1 September, n.pag., https://knightcolumbia.org/content/tim-wu-first-amendment-obsolete. Accessed 20 June 2023 .
     [Google Scholar]

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