Baseline demographics and clinical characteristics of study participants
| Prednisone taper+rituximab group (N=107) | Avacopan+rituximab group (N=107) | Total (N=214) | |
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 59.9 (16.0) | 59.7 (15.4) | 59.8 (15.7) |
| Sex, n (%) | |||
| Male | 52 (48.6) | 61 (57.0) | 113 (52.8) |
| Female | 55 (51.4) | 46 (43.0) | 101 (47.2) |
| Race, n (%) | |||
| Asian | 8 (7.5) | 11 (10.3) | 19 (8.9) |
| Black or African American | 2 (1.9) | 2 (1.9) | 4 (1.9) |
| White | 92 (86.0) | 89 (83.2) | 181 (84.6) |
| Other | 4 (3.7) | 5 (4.7) | 9 (4.2) |
| Multiple | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), mean (SD) | 26.6 (5.1) | 26.6 (6.1) | 26.6 (5.6) |
| Vasculitis disease status, n (%) | |||
| Newly diagnosed | 62 (57.9) | 63 (58.9) | 125 (58.4) |
| Relapsed | 45 (42.1) | 44 (41.1) | 89 (41.6) |
| ANCA type, n (%) | |||
| Anti-proteinase-3 | 49 (45.8) | 50 (46.7) | 99 (46.3) |
| Anti-myeloperoxidase | 58 (54.2) | 57 (53.3) | 115 (53.7) |
| Type of vasculitis, n (%) | |||
| Granulomatosis with polyangiitis | 64 (59.8) | 65 (60.7) | 129 (60.3) |
| Microscopic polyangiitis | 43 (40.2) | 42 (39.3) | 85 (39.7) |
| Duration of ANCA-associated vasculitis (months), median (range) | 0.8 (0–213) | 0.5 (0–362) | 0.6 (0–362) |
| Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score, mean (SD) | 15.6 (6.1) | 15.5 (5.7) | 15.5 (5.9) |
| Vasculitis Damage Index, mean (SD) | 1.0 (1.6) | 0.9 (1.7) | 0.9 (1.7) |
| Diabetes mellitus at baseline, n (%) | 14 (13.1) | 18 (16.8) | 32 (15.0) |
| Renal disease at baseline, n (%) | 82 (76.6) | 81 (75.7) | 163 (76.2) |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min/1.73 m2, mean (SD)* | 46.8 (26.4) | 50.8 (29.8) | - |
| Glucocorticoid use during screening period, n (%) | |||
| Any | 86 (80.4) | 83 (77.6) | 169 (79.0) |
| Oral | 76 (71.0) | 69 (64.5) | 145 (67.8) |
| Intravenous | 37 (34.6) | 40 (37.4) | 77 (36.0) |
*Shown is the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with renal disease at baseline on the basis of the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score.
ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody.