WOMAC, visual analogue (VA), Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scores, and quadriceps strength at baseline, three months, and 12 months (WOMAC out of 96, VA out of 200, HAD anxiety out of 21, HAD depression out of 21, quadriceps strength (kgF). Results are shown as No (%) unless stated otherwise
| 1 Exercise + tape (n=20) | 2 Exercise (n=20) | 3 Tape (n=19) | 4 Education (n=22) | Significance (p value) | |
| Baseline | |||||
| WOMAC (mean (SD)) | 25.2 (12.5) | 23.7 (12.9) | 33.4 (16.8) | 28.7 (15.4) | 0.23 |
| VA score (mean (SD)) | 75.6 (32.6) | 77.1 (44.4) | 83.9 (39.8) | 76.99 (41.8) | 0.94 |
| HAD anx | 0.43 | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 5.6 (2.9) | 6.5 (3.9) | 6.7 (4.2) | 6.8 (2.3) | |
| Normal | 16 (80) | 14 (70) | 13 (68) | 16 (73) | |
| Borderline | 3 (15) | 3 (15) | 4 (21) | 4 (18) | |
| Anxious | 1 (5) | 3 (15) | 2 (11) | 2 (9) | |
| HAD dep | 0.16 | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 3.2 (2.8) | 3.1 (2.4) | 4.0 (4.3) | 4.6 (2.9) | |
| Min, max | 0, 9 | 0, 8 | 0, 14 | 1, 13 | |
| Normal | 17 (85) | 17 (85) | 16 (84) | 19 (86) | |
| Borderline | 3 (15) | 3 (15) | 1 (5) | 2 (9) | |
| Depressed | 0 | 0 | 2 (11) | 1 (5) | |
| R quads (mean (SD)) | 186.8 (133.0) | 233.2 (148.5) | 198.7 (144.7) | 190.6 (107.8) | 0.52 |
| L quads (mean (SD)) | 169.4 (100.0) | 224.7 (130.9) | 156.7 (106.1) | 205.6 (130.8) | 0.52 |
| Three months | |||||
| WOMAC (mean (SD)) | 11.5 (10.5) | 10.0 (11.8) | 20.9 (15.5) | 13.8 (15.8) | 0.11 |
| VA score (mean (SD)) | 35.9 (28.7) | 30.0 (39.9) | 57.8 (38.7) | 41.8 (40.6) | 0.17 |
| HAD anx (mean (SD)) | 3.3 (2.5) | 5.1 (4.7) | 5.7 (4.3) | 5.5 (3.4) | 0.25 |
| HAD dep (mean (SD)) | 1.8 (1.5) | 2.2 (2.4) | 2.8 (3.4) | 3.0 (2.7)) | 0.46 |
| R quads (mean (SD)) | 280.4 (149.9) | 320.1 (193.6) | 222.5 (143.1) | 258.8 (159.6) | 0.39 |
| L quads (mean (SD)) | 266.9 (132.9) | 307.9 (162.4) | 189.4 (122.4) | 279.9 (155.1) | 0.12 |
| Twelve months | |||||
| WOMAC (mean (SD)) | 14.8 (18.0) | 15.6 (16.2) | 27.6 (22.7) | 22.0 (21.3) | 0.38 |
| VA score (mean (SD)) | 35.1 (45.1) | 37.8 (43.4) | 77.3 (62.8) | 51.9 (53.8) | 0.22 |
| HAD anx (mean (SD) | 4.6 (3.2) | 5.3 (5.2) | 5.2 (2.8) | 5.2 (3.3) | 0.97 |
| HAD dep (mean (SD)) | 2.0 (1.3) | 3.0 (3.3) | 3.9 (4.0) | 3.7 (3.6) | 0.54 |