Demographic characteristics of the participants (N=449)
| Characteristics | M (SD)/N(%) N=449 | |
| Age (years) | 18–59 | 169 (37.6) |
| 60–100 | 280 (62.4) | |
| Mean (SD) | 60.90 (12.28) | |
| Gender | Male | 206 (45.9) |
| Female | 243 (54.1) | |
| Occupation | Employed | 65 (14.4) |
| Not employed | 384 (85.6) | |
| Education | Primary and below | 130 (29.0) |
| Middle and high | 276 (61.5) | |
| College and above | 43 (9.5) | |
| Marital status | Single | 19 (4.2) |
| Married/cohabited | 340 (75.7) | |
| Else (divorced/separated/windowed) | 90 (20.0) | |
| Kinship | Parents | 254 (56.57) |
| Spouse | 106 (23.61) | |
| Children | 29 (6.46) | |
| Siblings | 49 (10.91) | |
| Other | 11 (2.45) | |
| Income (RMB/year) | 20 000 or less | 254 (56.6) |
| 20 001–40 000 | 99 (22.0) | |
| 40 000 or more | 96 (21.4) |