Table 3

Logistic regression: OR with p values for being a high-cost older patient by individual and clinical characteristics

Characteristics	Univariable		Multivariable*
Characteristics	OR (95% CI)	p	OR (95% CI)	P
Sex
Women	Ref.		Ref.
Men	1.52 [1.48 to 1.57)	<0.001	1.25 [1.21 to 1.29)	<0.001
Age in 5-year intervals		<0.001		<0.001
65–69 years	Ref.		Ref.
70–74 years	1.16 [1.12 to 1.22)	<0.001	1.06 [1.01 to 1.11)	0.018
75–79 years	1.15 [1.10 to 1.20)	<0.001	1.01 [0.96 to 1.06)	0.730
80–84 years	0.97 [0.93 to 1.02)	0.268	0.92 [0.87 to 0.97)	0.001
85–89 years	0.73 [0.69 to 0.77)	<0.001	0.72 [0.67 to 0.76)	<0.001
90+ years	0.43 [0.40 to 0.46)	<0.001	0.47 [0.43 to 0.51)	<0.001
Marital/partner status		<0.001		0.182
Married/cohabitant/partner	Ref.		Ref.
Single/unmarried	0.98 [0.92 to 1.03)	0.415	1.06 [0.99 to 1.13)	0.077
Divorced/separated	0.70 [0.67 to 0.73)	<0.001	1.03 [0.99 to 1.08)	0.144
Widow/widower	0.99 [0.95 to 1.03)	0.457	1.03 [0.98 to 1.07)	0.282
Educational level		<0.001		<0.001
Primary school	Ref.		Ref.
High school†	1.02 [0.99 to 1.06)	0.202	0.92 [0.89 to 0.96)	<0.001
Higher education≤4 years	0.89 [0.84 to 0.93)	<0.001	0.79 [0.75 to 0.83)	<0.001
Higher education≥4 years	0.95 [0.88 to 1.01)	0.110	0.74 [0.69 to 0.80)	<0.001
Index of municipal centrality		0.64		<0.001
Least central municipalities	Ref.		Ref.
Mid-central municipalities	0.96 [0.92 to 1.00)	0.041	0.89 [0.85 to 0.93)	<0.001
Most central municipalities	0.96 [0.92 to 0.99)	0.025	0.90 [0.86 to 0.94)	<0.001
Multimorbidity/number of main diagnoses‡
≤ 2 main diagnoses registered	Ref.		Ref.
≥ 3 main diagnoses registered	5.93 [5.73 to 6.12)	< 0.001	3.50 [3.37 to 3.63)	<0.001
Mortality
Alive by December 31 2019	Ref.		Ref.
Died during 2019 (01.01–31.12)	2.94 [2.83 to 3.04)	< 0.001	4.13 [3.96 to 4.30)	<0.001
All hospital contacts in 2019§
Number of hospital contacts	1.10 [1.09 to 1.10)	< 0.001	1.07 [1.06 to 1.07)	<0.001

Individual characteristics: sex, age in 5-year intervals, martial/partner status, education level, index of municipal centrality. Clinical characteristics: multimorbidity/number of diagnoses, mortality, all hospital contacts in 2019.
*Nagelkerke pseudo R²: Block I (individual characteristics): 0.020, Block II (clinical characteristics): 0.255.
†Includes high school and vocational school.
‡Includes all 22 main diagnosis groups from NPR.
§Includes daytime treatment, outpatient care and admittance to hospital wards.
NPR, Norwegian Patient Registry.