Table 2

Factors associated with sexual experience in adolescents

CharacteristicsSexual experience (Yes vs No)
TotalMiddle schoolHigh school
cOR (CI)aOR (CI)cOR (CI)aOR (CI)cOR (CI)aOR (CI)
Biological factors
Age1.49 (1.47 to 1.52)1.31 (1.28 to 1.33)1.51 (1.44 to 1.59)1.27 (1.21 to 1.33)1.36 (1.32 to 1.40)1.26 (1.23 to 1.30)
Sex
 Boy1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)
 Girl0.48 (0.45 to 0.50)0.64 (0.60 to 0.68)0.46 (0.42 to 0.50)0.50 (0.46 to 0.56)0.48 (0.45 to 0.51)0.69 (0.64 to 0.73)
Psychological factors
Perceived stress
 Very low1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)
 Low0.61 (0.55 to 0.69)0.72 (0.63 to 0.81)0.51 (0.42 to 0.62)0.68 (0.55 to 0.84)0.64 (0.56 to 0.74)0.74 (0.63 to 0.86)
 Middle0.64 (0.57 to 0.71)0.72 (0.64 to 0.81)0.54 (0.45 to 0.64)0.74 (0.61 to 0.89)0.59 (0.52 to 0.67)0.71 (0.62 to 0.83)
 High0.75 (0.68 to 0.84)0.72 (0.64 to 0.81)0.64 (0.54 to 0.77)0.74 (0.60 to 0.92)0.66 (0.58 to 0.76)0.72 (0.62 to 0.83)
 Very high1.35 (1.21 to 1.51)0.95 (0.83 to 1.08)1.35 (1.12 to 1.63)1.06 (0.84 to 1.34)1.10 (0.96 to 1.25)0.92 (0.79 to 1.08)
Suicidal thoughts
 No1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)
 Yes2.26 (2.15 to 2.37)1.73 (1.63 to 1.83)2.70 (2.45 to 2.98)1.84 (1.64 to 2.08)2.22 (2.10 to 2.35)1.72 (1.61 to 1.85)
Social factors
Family structure*
 Both parents1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)
 Single parent1.73 (1.64 to 1.83)1.34 (1.26 to 1.43)1.47 (1.30 to 1.66)1.21 (1.07 to 1.38)1.69 (1.59 to 1.80)1.38 (1.29 to 1.48)
 Step-parent5.20 (4.77 to 5.67)2.58 (2.32 to 2.86)7.78 (6.64 to 9.11)2.91 (2.37 to 3.56)3.96 (3.57 to 4.39)2.49 (2.21 to 2.80)
 None3.16 (2.79 to 3.58)1.93 (1.68 to 2.23)2.81 (2.15 to 3.68)1.67 (1.24 to 2.26)3.07 (2.66 to 3.55)2.03 (1.73 to 2.38)
Sex education
 No1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)
 Yes0.75 (0.71 to 0.79)1.00 (0.95 to 1.05)0.61 (0.55 to 0.67)0.75 (0.68 to 0.84)0.95 (0.90 to 1.01)1.07 (1.01 to 1.13)
Academic grade
 Low1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)
 Middle0.61 (0.58 to 0.65)0.87 (0.83 to 0.93)0.61 (0.55 to 0.68)0.97 (0.86 to 1.09)0.64 (0.61 to 0.68)0.85 (0.80 to 0.91)
 High0.65 (0.61 to 0.68)0.97 (0.92 to 1.02)0.75 (0.68 to 0.82)1.07 (0.96 to 1.19)0.76 (0.71 to 0.80)0.94 (0.88 to 1.00)
Location of school
 Rural area1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)
 Medium and small city0.87 (0.76 to 0.99)1.00 (0.88 to 1.12)0.97 (0.77 to 1.24)0.97 (0.76 to 1.23)0.88 (0.75 to 1.02)1.01 (0.88 to 1.16)
 Big city0.92 (0.81 to 1.05)1.12 (1.00 to 1.26)1.00 (0.79 to 1.27)1.04 (0.82 to 1.31)0.92 (0.79 to 1.08)1.16 (1.01 to 1.32)
Perceived economic level of household
 Low1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)
 Middle0.48 (0.45 to 0.51)0.79 (0.74 to 0.84)0.46 (0.41 to 0.52)0.82 (0.71 to 0.94)0.55 (0.51 to 0.58)0.79 (0.74 to 0.85)
 High0.63 (0.59 to 0.66)1.14 (1.07 to 1.21)0.70 (0.62 to 0.79)1.22 (1.06 to 1.39)0.79 (0.74 to 0.85)1.12 (1.04 to 1.21)
Drinking
 No1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)
 Yes6.19 (5.88 to 6.52)2.53 (2.38 to 2.68)4.33 (3.97 to 4.72)2.16 (1.96 to 2.38)5.48 (5.12 to 5.86)2.70 (2.51 to 2.91)
Smoking
 No1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)1.00 (Ref)
 Yes10.07 (9.62 to 10.55)4.57 (4.33 to 4.82)9.48 (8.66 to 10.36)4.21 (3.78 to 4.69)8.18 (7.75 to 8.64)4.68 (4.40 to 4.97)

  • *The column included missing data (n=31406) including those who disagreed to respond to the survey on family members and those who responded by living with both their biological father and stepfather.

  • aOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; cOR, crude odds ratio.