Table 4

Prognostic factors for men with localised disease associated with outcomes

n=10 901			Prostate cancer mortality			All-cause mortality			Systemic therapy
Factor	n (%)	Missing (n(%))	HR*	95% CI	P	HR*	95% CI	P	HR*	95% CI	P
Smoker (current/ ex-)	5112 (46.89%)	777 (7.13%)	1.47	1.05 to 2.05	0.02	1.66	1.39 to 1.98	<0.01	1.21	1.09 to 1.33	<0.01
Excess alcohol	1829 (16.78%)	4370 (40.09%)	0.61	0.36 to 1.04	0.07	0.91†	0.71 to 1.18	0.47	0.99	0.87 to 1.13	0.88
BPH	1169 (10.72%)	3526 (32.35%)	0.64	0.36 to 1.11	0.11	0.81	0.62 to 1.05	0.11	0.76	0.65 to 0.90	<0.01
COPD	862 (7.91%)	3583 (32.87%)	0.86	0.47 to 1.57	0.63	1.64	1.29 to 2.09	<0.01	1.18	0.99 to 1.41	0.06
CVA	553 (5.07%)	3584 (32.88%)	0.90	0.42 to 1 to94	0.79	1.19	0.85 to 1.68	0.30	0.92	0.72 to 1.17	0.49
IHD	1548 (14.20%)	3405 (31.24%)	1.79	1.20 to 2.66	<0.01	1.25	1.02 to 1.55	0.04	1.01	0.87 to 1.18	0.86
PVD	202 (1.85%)	3582 (32.86%)	2.24	0.98 to 5.12	0.06	1.91	1.24 to 2.95	<0.01	1.04	0.71 to 1.51	0.85
T2DM	1508 (13.83%)	3448 (31.63%)	0.97	0.62 to 1.51	0.89	0.95	0.76 to 1.19	0.68	0.99	0.86 to 1.14	0.91
Aspirin	426 (3.91%)	16 (0.15%)	1.88	0.96 to 3.70	0.06	1.58	1.09 to 2.29	0.02	1.24	0.95 to 1.60	0.11
Metformin	33 (0.30%)					2.74	0.88 to 8.49	0.08	1.73	0.77 to 3.85	0.18
Alpha-blockers	305 (2.80%)		1.55	0.72 to 3.35	0.26	1.15	0.76 to 1.73	0.52	0.57	0.39 to 0.82	<0.01
Beta-blockers	265 (2.43%)		2.03	0.89 to 4.60	0.09	1.79	1.18 to 2.72	<0.01	1.48	1.09 to 1.99	0.01
Statins	339 (3.11%)		1.65	0.87 to 3.15	0.13	1.01	0.66 to 1.53	0.97	1.06	0.84 to 1.34	0.61
Vitamin D	465 (4.27%)		1.33	0.65 to 2.71	0.44	1.13	0.78 to 1.65	0.51	1.35	1.09 to 1.68	<0.01

*Adjusted for age, PSA, Gleason score, TNM stage.
†Proportional Hazards assumption test not met.
BPH, Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.