Table 2

Multivariate linear regression of HbA1c level in men and women with T2D in Brazil and Venezuela

	Men				Women
	β	95% CI		P value	β	95% CI		P value
	β	Lower limit	Upper limit	P value	β	Lower limit	Upper limit	P value
Age	−0.03	−0.04	−0.03	<0.01	−0.03	−0.04	−0.03	<0.01
Married/living with partner (vs other)	−0.06	−0.23	0.12	0.54	0.03	−0.09	0.15	0.60
Non-white race (vs white)	0.18	0.02	0.34	0.03	0.14	0.02	0.27	0.02
Education
≤4 years	Reference				Reference
5–8 years	−0.22	−0.46	0.03	0.09	0.09	−0.09	0.27	0.31
9–11 years	−0.17	−0.37	0.02	0.08	−0.04	−0.20	0.12	0.60
≥12 years	−0.40	−0.64	−0.16	<0.01	−0.34	−0.58	−0.11	<0.01
Venezuela (vs Brazil)	0.45	0.27	0.62	<0.01	0.71	0.57	0.85	0.00
Body mass index (kg/m²)
Normal weight (18.6–24.9)	Reference				Reference
Underweight (≤18.5)	1.40	0.55	2.25	<0.01	0.35	−0.15	0.86	0.17
Overweight (25.0–29.9)	−0.44	−0.62	−0.26	<0.01	−0.22	−0.37	−0.07	<0.01
Obesity (≥30.0)	−0.43	−0.64	−0.22	<0.01	−0.21	−0.36	−0.05	0.01
Duration of disease
Up to 5 years	Reference				Reference
5–9 years	0.77	0.56	0.98	<0.01	0.96	0.79	1.13	<0.01
≥10 years	0.97	0.78	1.17	<0.01	1.37	1.22	1.52	<0.01
1 or more complications from diabetes (vs none)	0.03	−0.15	0.22	0.72	0.19	0.04	0.33	0.01
Have used private healthcare in the past 12 mo (vs not)	−0.52	−0.94	−0.10	0.02	−0.29	−0.48	−0.09	0.01
Self-reported adherence to diet
Poor/fair	Reference				Reference
Good	0.06	−0.15	0.27	0.56	−0.09	−0.26	0.08	0.32
Very good	−0.15	−0.37	0.07	0.18	−0.21	−0.39	−0.03	0.02
Excellent	−0.26	−0.54	0.01	0.06	−0.22	−0.43	0.00	0.05
Self-reported adherence to treatment
Poor/fair	Reference				Reference
Good	−0.10	−0.60	0.41	0.70	−0.50	−0.89	0.10	0.14
Very good	−0.24	−0.73	0.24	0.32	−0.30	−0.68	0.07	0.12
Excellent	−0.15	−0.62	0.32	0.53	−0.25	−0.62	0.12	0.19
HbA1c measured in past 12 mo (vs not)	−0.08	−0.26	0.10	0.38	−0.19	−0.33	−0.05	0.01
Perceived treatment as convenient (vs not)	−0.20	−0.36	−0.03	0.02	−0.06	−0.19	0.07	0.35
Self-rated glycaemic control
Poor/fair	Reference				Reference
Good	−1.05	−1.32	−0.77	<0.01	−0.87	−1.08	−0.67	<0.01
Very good	−1.51	−1.79	−1.22	<0.01	−1.51	−1.73	−1.29	<0.01
Excellent	−1.77	−2.15	−1.39	<0.01	−1.73	−2.02	−1.45	<0.01

HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; T2D, type 2 diabetes.
Statistically significant values are shown in bold.