Table 1

Enteropathy substudy groups

Children aged 6–59 monthsSAM*Well-nourished controls
WHZ>–1
Oedematous†Non-oedematous
HIV-positive
(HIV PCR+ if <18 months; HIV antibody+ if >18 months)		n=50
(group A-I)		n=50
(group A-II)		n=100
(group B)
HIV-negative
(HIV PCR– if<18 months; HIV antibody – if>18 months)		n=50
(group C-I)		n=50
(group C-II)		n=100
(group D)

  • Note that children below 6 months of age are excluded from the enteropathy substudy to avoid interrupting exclusive breast feeding during the lactulose-mannitol test.

  • *SAM defined according to WHO criteria.

  • †Presence of bilateral pitting pedal oedema.

  • SAM, severe acute malnutrition; WHZ, weight-for-height Z-score.