GRADE analysis of group 1 measurement outcomes included in the quantitative synthesis
| Quality assessment | Summary of findings | ||||||||||
| Outcome | Included studies (design) | ROB | Inconsistency | No serious Indirectness | Imprecision | Publication bias | Groups (intervention/control) | Effect size (direction) | p Value | 95% CI | Quality |
| Muscle strength (lower limb) | (RCT)21 31 32 | No serious ROB | Serious inconsistency (substantial heterogeneity) | No serious indirectness | No serious imprecision | Undetected^ | 131/135 | 0.98 (intervention) | <0.00001 | (0.73 to 1.24) | ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate |
| TUG | (RCT)21 32 | No serious ROB | No serious inconsistency | No serious indirectness | Serious imprecision (CIs crossline of no effect/ OIS not reached) | Undetected^ | 124/125 | 0.37 (intervention) | 0.37 | (−0.68 to 0.26) | ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate |
| BMD (femoral neck) | (RCT)21 32 | No serious ROB | No serious inconsistency | No serious indirectness | Serious imprecision (CIs crossline of no effect/ OIS not reached) | Undetected^ | 124/125 | 0.02 (intervention) | 0.15 | (−0.01 to 0.05) | ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate |
| BMD (spine) | (RCT)21 32 | No serious ROB | No serious inconsistency | No serious indirectness | Serious imprecision (CIs crossline of no effect/ OIS not reached) | Undetected^ | 124/125 | 0.02 (intervention) | 0.41 | (−0.03 to 0.07) | ⊕⊕⊕○ Moderate |
^ Insufficient
BMD, bone mineral density; RCT, randomised controlled trial; OIS, Optimal Information Size; ROB, Risk Of Bias.