Table 2

Implementation strategies as described by the authors

	Professional interventions
Author	Distribution of educational materials	Educational meetings	Local consensus processes	Educational outreach visits	Local opinion leaders	Patient-mediated interventions
Ament22	●	●	●	●	●
Benenson23			●
Cates24
Enriquez-Puga,25 antidepressant prescription guideline	●		●	●
Enriquez-Puga,25 antibiotic prescription guideline	●		●	●
Forsner,26 depression guideline	●	●	●	●	●
Forsner,26 suicidal behaviours guideline	●	●	●	●	●
Gerber35			●
Higuchi,27 Adult Asthma Care Best Practice Guideline	●	●		●	●
Higuchi,27 Reducing Foot Complications for People with Diabetes Best Practice Guideline	●	●		●	●
Kelly28*
Knops29 fluid balance guideline for oncology patients*
Knops29 body temperature guideline for postoperative patients	●	●
Loszadi30		●
McLaws31	●			●	●
Stéphan32	●	●	●
Wakefield33		●	●
Williams34

	Professional interventions					Financial interventions
Author	Audit and feedback	Reminders	Marketing	Mass media	Other	Other
Ament22	●
Benenson23
Cates24
Enriquez-Puga,25 antidepressant prescription guideline	●		●
Enriquez-Puga,25 antibiotic prescription guideline	●		●
Forsner,26 depression guideline	●				Participation in local network
Forsner26, suicidal behaviours guideline	●				Participation in local network
Gerber35	●
Higuchi,27 Adult Asthma Care Best Practice Guideline	●			●		Additional funding to replace nurses while they performed implementation activities
Higuchi,27 Reducing Foot Complications for People with Diabetes Best Practice Guideline	●			●		Additional funding to replace nurses while they performed implementation activities
Kelly28*
Knops29 fluid balance guideline for oncology patients*
Knops29 body temperature guideline for postoperative patients	●		●
Loszadi30	●
McLaws31	●	●		●
Stéphan32	●	●		●
Wakefield33		●
Williams34	●

	Organisational interventions
Author	Revision of professional roles	Clinical multidisciplinary team	Formal integration of services	Skill mix changes	Continuity of care	Changes in physical structure, facilities and equipment	Presence and organisation of quality monitoring	Other
Ament22		●	●		●
Benenson23		●	●		●			Standard antibiotic order sheet
Cates24								Evidence-based patient handout
Enriquez-Puga,25 antidepressant prescription guideline
Enriquez-Puga,25 antibiotic prescription guideline
Forsner,26 depression guideline		●
Forsner,26 suicidal behaviours guideline		●
Gerber35
Higuchi,27 Adult Asthma Care Best Practice Guideline								New documentation procedures
Higuchi,27 Reducing Foot Complications for People with Diabetes Best Practice Guideline								New documentation procedures
Kelly28*
Knops29 fluid balance guideline for oncology patients*
Knops29 body temperature guideline for postoperative patients
Loszadi30
McLaws31						●	●
Stéphan32
Wakefield33		●
Williams34						●