Table 3

Protease activated receptors (PARs) and irritable bowel syndrom

Pathogenic effects	Inhibitory effects
PAR₂ potential target for IBS treatments
Modifies motility patterns (PAR₁, PAR₂, PAR₄)	Increases nociceptive threshold (PAR₁)
Causes inflammation (PAR_1, PAR₂, PAR₄)	Causes analgesia (PAR₁)
Increases permeability (PAR₁, PAR₂)
Modifies ion secretion (possibly causing diarrhoea) (PAR_1, PAR₂)
Increases permeability (PAR_1, PAR₂)
Induces visceral hypersensitivity (PAR₂)
Induces enteric neurones hyperexitability (PAR₂)