Participants’ concern regarding liver damage
| Concerned— n (%) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 142 (29.6) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Male | 178 (35.9) | 1.332 (1.019 to 1.743) | 0.036 | 0.887 (0.653 to 1.205) | 0.44 |
| Age category—years | |||||
| 60+ | 95 (23.6) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| 40–59 | 139 (38.5) | 2.030 (1.485 to 2.775) | <0.001 | 1.649 (1.151 to 2.363) | 0.006 |
| 25–49 | 74 (45.7) | 2.726 (1.855 to 4.008) | <0.001 | 2.399 (1.513 to 3.804) | <0.001 |
| 18–24 | 12 (24) | 1.024 (0.514 to 2.038) | 0.95 | 0.907 (0.423 to 1.947) | 0.80 |
| BMI category | |||||
| Normal | 99 (29.6) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Overweight | 114 (29.5) | 0.991 (0.719 to 1.366) | 0.96 | 0.752 (0.507 to 1.117) | 0.16 |
| Obese | 103 (41.9) | 1.710 (1.210 to 2.415) | 0.002 | 0.825 (0.500 to 1.361) | 0.45 |
| Alcohol risk | |||||
| Low | 151 (24.0) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Medium | 48 (32.4) | 1.516 (1.027 to 2.239) | 0.036 | 1.788 (1.183 to 2.703) | 0.006 |
| High | 121 (60.5) | 4.838 (3.453 to 6.780) | <0.001 | 5.992 (4.116 to 8.722) | <0.001 |
| Diet risk | |||||
| Low | 15 (20.8) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Medium | 140 (29.9) | 1.480 (1.015 to 2.158) | 0.041 | 1.853 (1.149 to 2.989) | 0.011 |
| High | 165 (37.9) | 2.870 (1.933 to 4.261) | <0.001 | 3.321 (1.858 to 5.935) | <0.001 |
| Viral hepatitis risk | |||||
| Low | 201 (29.1) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Cautious | 119 (41.6) | 1.734 (1.301 to 2.309) | <0.001 | 1.663 (1.200 to 2.304) | 0.002 |
| Hypertension | |||||
| No | 242 (31.4) | Reference | – | Reference | – |
| Yes | 78 (37.9) | 1.330 (0.965 to 1.831) | 0.08 | 1.393 (0.945 to 2.055) | 0.09 |
| Diabetes | |||||
| No | 298 (32.6) | Reference | – | ||
| Yes | 22 (36.1) | 1.168 (0.680 to 2.005) | 0.57 |
Logistic regression models were used to identify the factors associated with participants’ concern of possible liver damage. All variables with a significance level of p<0.20 in univariable analysis were included in the multivariable regression model. Variables were adjusted for gender, age, BMI, alcohol risk, diet risk, viral hepatitis risk and hypertension.
BMI, body mass index.