Table 4

Predictive value for different cut-offs of hypotension and/or tachycardia for ICU admission and hospital admission

ICU admissionHospital admission
Sensitivity
(95% CI)		Specificity
(95% CI)		Positive likelihood ratio (95% CI)Negative likelihood ratio (95% CI)Sensitivity
(95% CI)		Specificity
(95% CI)		Positive likelihood ratio (95% CI)Negative likelihood ratio (95% CI)
Predictive value for hypotension
APLS0.11 (0.09 to 0.14)0.96 (0.95 to 0.96)2.57 (2.03 to 3.27)0.93 (0.90 to 0.96)0.06 (0.05 to 0.07)0.96 (0.96 to 0.97)1.57 (1.32 to 1.86)0.98 (0.97 to 0.99)
PALS/sepsis0.05 (0.04 to 0.07)0.99 (0.99 to 0.99)5.06 (3.43 to 7.46)0.96 (0.94 to 0.98)0.02 (0.02 to 0.03)0.99 (0.99 to 0.99)2.62 (1.86 to 3.70)0.99 (0.98 to 0.99)
PEWS0.12 (0.09 to 0.14)0.95 (0.95 to 0.95)2.38 (1.89 to 2.99)0.93 (0.90 to 0.96)0.07 (0.06 to 0.07)0.95 (0.95 to 0.96)1.43 (1.22 to 1.68)0.98 (0.97 to 0.99)
Predictive value for tachycardia
APLS0.30 (0.27 to 0.34)0.85 (0.84 to 0.86)2.02 (1.78 to 2.29)0.82 (0.78 to 0.87)0.24 (0.23 to 0.26)0.89 (0.88 to 0.89)2.23 (2.04 to 2.43)0.85 (0.83 to 0.87)
PALS/sepsis0.25 (0.22 to 0.28)0.85 (0.84 to 0.85)1.60 (1.39 to 1.85)0.89 (0.85 to 0.93)0.22 (0.20 to 0.23)0.87 (0.87 to 0.88)1.71 (1.57 to 1.87)0.89 (0.88 to 0.91)
PEWS0.55 (0.51 to 0.59)0.63 (0.62 to 0.64)1.46 (1.36 to 1.58)0.72 (0.66 to 0.79)0.50 (0.49 to 0.52)0.68 (0.67 to 0.69)1.58 (1.51 to 1.66)0.73 (0.71 to 0.76)
Predictive value for tachycardia AND hypotension
APLS0.05 (0.03 to 0.07)0.99 (0.99 to 0.99)6.52 (4.26 to 9.96)0.96 (0.94 to 0.98)0.02 (0.02 to 0.03)0.99 (0.99 to 0.99)6.54 (4.05 to 10.6)0.98 (0.98 to 0.99)
PALS/sepsis0.02 (0.01 to 0.04)0.99 (0.99 to 0.99)11.9 (6.16 to 23.3)0.98 (0.97 to 0.99)0.01 (0.00 to 0.01)0.99 (0.99 to 0.99)5.21 (2.35 to 11.6)0.99 (0.99 to 0.99)
PEWS0.08 (0.06 to 0.09)0.98 (0.98 to 0.98)4.16 (3.06 to 5.66)0.94 (0.92 to 0.96)0.04 (0.03 to 0.04)0.99 (0.98 to 0.99)3.06 (2.35 to 3.99)0.97 (0.97 to 0.98)
Predictive value for tachycardia OR hypotension
APLS0.37 (0.33 to 0.40)0.81 (0.81 to 0.82)1.98 (1.77 to 2.21)0.78 (0.73 to 0.83)0.28 (0.27 to 0.29)0.85 (0.85 to 0.86)1.96 (1.81 to 2.11)0.84 (0.82 to 0.86)
PALS/sepsis0.27 (0.24 to 0.31)0.84 (0.83 to 0.84)1.69 (1.48 to 1.93)0.87 (0.83 to 0.91)0.23 (0.22 to 0.24)0.87 (0.85 to 0.87)1.73 (1.59 to 1.88)0.89 (0.87 to 0.91)
PEWS0.59 (0.55 to 0.63)0.59 (0.59 to 0.60)1.45 (1.35 to 1.56)0.69 (0.63 to 0.76)0.53 (0.51 to 0.54)0.65 (0.64 to 0.66)1.51 (1.44 to 1.58)0.73 (0.69 to 0.75)

  • APLS, Advanced Paediatric Life Support; ICU, intensive care unit; PALS, Paediatric Advanced Life Support; PEWS, Paediatric Early Warning Score.