Anaphylaxis

The Resuscitation Council (UK) diagnostic criteria for anaphylaxis[32]Resuscitation Council (UK). Emergency treatment of anaphylactic reactions: guidelines for healthcare providers. May 2021 [internet publication]. https://www.resus.org.uk/library/additional-guidance/guidance-anaphylaxis/emergency-treatment

Anaphylaxis is likely when all of the following three criteria are met:

• Sudden onset and rapid progression of symptoms

• Life-threatening Airway and/or Breathing and/or Circulation problems

• Skin and/or mucosal changes (flushing, urticaria, angio-oedema).

The following supports the diagnosis:

• Exposure to a known allergen for the patient.

Remember:

• Skin or mucosal changes alone are not a sign of an anaphylactic reaction

• Skin and mucosal changes can be subtle or absent in up to 20% of reactions (some patients have only a decrease in blood pressure [i.e., a Circulation problem])

• There can also be gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g., vomiting, abdominal pain, incontinence).