Table 3

Association between career characteristics and AL index for women (n=44 786): negative binomial regression coefficients (β), CIs, p values and AMEs

Model 1Model 2
βCI (95%)P valueAMEβCI (95%)P valueAME
Temporary jobs (per 10 years in paid work)No temporary job (ref.)
One or less temporary job0.001(−0.020 to 0.022)0.9160.027−0.001(−0.023 to 0.020)0.913−0.003
More than one temporary job0.052(0.021 to 0.084)0.0010.1290.025(−0.009 to 0.059)0.1470.061
Job changes (per 10 years in paid work)No change (ref.)
Two or less changes0.007(−0.007 to 0.021)0.3410.0170.000(−0.015 to 0.016)0.9760.001
More than two changes0.019(−0.002 to 0.040)0.0840.045−0.021(−0.046 to 0.005)0.116−0.049
Number of unemployment periodsNo unemployment period (ref.)
One unemployment period0.028(0.007 to 0.048)0.0090.0670.016(−0.007 to 0.038)0.1790.037
2+ unemployment periods0.063(0.024 to 0.103)<0.0010.1570.044(0.003 to 0.085)0.0360.108
Years out of workNo years out of work (ref.)
1–5 years out of work0.012(−0.004 to 0.028)0.1530.0280.003(−0.015 to 0.020)0.7580.007
6+ years out of work0.050(0.034 to 0.066)<0.0010.1210.032(0.014 to 0.051)0.0010.077
Mode occupational positionLarge employers to higher managers and professionals (ref.)
Lower managers and professionals0.061(0.034 to 0.089)<0.0010.1390.062(0.034 to 0.090)<0.0010.141
Intermediate employee0.087(0.057 to 0.117)<0.0010.2000.083(0.052 to 0.113)<0.0010.190
Small employers and self-employed0.106(0.049 to 0.163)<0.0010.2450.100(0.044 to 0.157)0.0010.233
Lower grade white collar workers0.177(0.141 to 0.212)<0.0010.4250.165(0.129 to 0.201)<0.0010.396
Skilled workers0.103(0.046 to 0.161)<0.0010.2390.098(0.040 to 0.156)0.0010.227
Semiskilled or unskilled workers0.181(0.138 to 0.224)<0.0010.4350.172(0.129 to 0.215)<0.0010.413
Main position unknown0.104(0.074 to 0.135)<0.0010.2410.101(0.070 to 0.132)<0.0010.234
Lack of promotionPromotion (ref.)
No promotion−0.001(−0.020 to 0.017)0.888−0.003−0.003(−0.023 to 0.016)0.739−0.008
Failed promotion−0.006(−0.053 to 0.042)0.815−0.014−0.017(−0.066 to 0.031)0.478−0.042
  • Note: All models are based on multilevel models (individuals nested in health examination centre, adjusted for age, age square, partnership situation and education) (complete case analyses). Model 1 is calculated for each career characteristic separately (separate models). Model 2 includes all career characteristics simultaneously (simultaneous model).

  • Respondents who retired or had a health-related career interruption prior to age 45 are excluded from the analyses.

  • AL, allostatic load; AME, average marginal effect; ref., reference.