Reviews the growing critique of the gender system being developed by heterosexual and gay male scholars in the communication field, in which a sex role-based approach to the study of masculinity is rejected and the socially constructed nature of gender is emphasized. (SR)

Using 1,043 men across 3 samples, the psychometric properties of the Gender Role Conflict Scale were examined. Next, using 130 male counseling clients across 2 samples, the relation between gender role conflict and psychological distress was examined. Male gender role conflict was significantly related to psychological distress, with the…

Contributes to scholarship regarding whether, when, and how feminist formulations of rape made their way into the mainstream by examining 25 episodes of prime-time television featuring rape as a primary plot element from 1976 through 1978. Finds that these episodes bolster hegemonic masculinity by focusing on male protagonists, depicting them as…

Explores the concept of duality in masculinity, and specifically in black masculinity, as currently presented in the superhero comic book. At an obvious and symbolic level, comic book masculinity characterizes a model of gender behavior that is slipping into the hypermasculine. (Author/SLD)

Addresses the role of race and gender construction in bias crime, discussing race and gender as situated accomplishments. Reviews dominant bias crime theories and examines the hypothesis that bias crimes are a means of "doing" gender. Suggests hegemonic masculinity as a prime motivation for bias crimes. (SLD)

Reviews three books on street gangs that examine the formation of gangs between the 1940s and 1970s (a period that predates their connection to drug trafficking), look at masculinity in gang culture following the advent of their connection to drug trafficking, and highlight the role of the gangster in American culture in the 1920s and 1930s. (SM)

Examines the sex role attributes of American-Indian women as compared to a predominately White normative group using the short form of the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Results indicate a significant difference on the masculine subscale between the two groups with American-Indian women having higher scores. Provides implications for mental health…

The pervasive violence in schools is a manifestation of gender inequality. Discourses of school violence suggest that "others" are responsible and militarist solutions are necessary. These discourses prevent recognition that violence is a symptom of social inequality. (SK)

Reveals an absence of a section for books about non-homosexual masculinity. Notes that there has been growing interest amongst academics in exploring masculinity lately, including the heterosexual kind. Suggests that phallic masculinity defines maleness as natural and fixed--what one is born with--and that therefore it represents the complete and…

The seven articles in this theme issue address issues of masculinity in a Canadian context. The issue opens with a discussion of the complexity of gender issues, presents a theoretical framework and four case studies, and pulls together the literature as it points out contradictions. The focus throughout is on how boys and men negotiate masculine…

Thomas Arnold has been a controversial figure for historians of the English public schools. He has been depicted either as the great reformer of these famous institutions or as an ordinary head master who did not do better than his contemporary colleagues. This article seeks to continue the debate about the assessment of his head master-ship by…

This study examined the relation between gender role orientation and fear and anxiety in a sample of nonclinic-referred children (N = 209) ages 10 to 13 years. Children and their parents completed questionnaires assessing children's gender role orientation, toy and activity preferences, and fear and anxiety. Results generally indicated that…

In this article I discuss an excerpt from a group discussion between five 15-year-old boys who, in the presence of an adult moderator, engaged in the act of "slut bashing" while telling a minimal story about an incident of female promiscuity. The analysis proceeds microanalytically in a three-step procedure that details the positions taken by the…

This article presents an analysis of gender identity within the context of lifelong learning. Constructed specifically around individual experiences of occupational apprenticeship in English professional football, it draws on a re-reading of data collected in the early 1990s to depict the way in which a group of young men were socialised into…

This study examined children's evaluative stereotypes of masculine, feminine, and androgynous first names. Attractive and unattractive masculine, feminine, and androgynous first names were presented to 50 primary school children. The gender-typed names were attributed to the appropriate sex; the androgynous names were repeated and attributed to…