The study aimed to investigate the effect of the explicit strategy training on the students' autonomy in foreign language learning and to seek for their attitudes towards such training. The research lasted for fourteen weeks at the 2018-2019 academic year. Data were collected through the Course Evaluation Questionnaire, the Student Autonomous…

This paper identifies evidence that significant procedural learning can emerge from process approaches to teaching writing, including from the transition of pupils' writing from draft to revision. It shows how writing schemes that use an underlying process framework to structure learning, give pupils ownership of their own writing and exploit the…

Online education transforms many aspects of teaching and learning in higher education. International students studying abroad already face considerable stress and negative emotions, and the transition to online learning can further intensify their learning anxiety. This study systematically investigated the factors associated with international…

This study aims to investigate how EFL teachers decide on and adapt teaching strategies for young learners in ELT classrooms and explore strategies teachers use to encourage independent language learning. The research was conducted as a case study in an academic English course in Batam and involved three experienced EFL teachers. Data collection…

This study examines the impact of students' self-directed learning (SDL) ability and parental expenditures for shadow education, and other factors, on academic achievement in South Korea during the pandemic. Busan Education Longitudinal Study panel data for 2019 (pre-COVID) and 2020-2021 (COVID) were utilized. National exam scores of middle and…

Academic resilience is crucial in today's crisis-prone society. This qualitative study explored the factors that shaped academic resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic to strengthen the global literature on resilience and post-pandemic policy and practice in education. This study adopted a multiple-case study design, with the application of…

Portfolios have been utilized in the teaching and learning of English of speakers of other languages as a tool for process-based writing and as an alternative form of summative assessment. While extensive research has been focused on the implementation of portfolios in English as a foreign language (EFL) writing, there has been limited attention…

Transversal Competencies (TCs) (interpersonal, intrapersonal, critical thinking and global citizenship skills) are essential skills, knowledge and behaviours for work and life success. Limited literature exists on methods to develop TC for adult education. This scoping review explores how TCs are being embedded into health professional learning…

At the Open University, where students learn online and at a distance, the School of Mathematics and Statistics has for many years provided innovative ways of supporting students outside the 'classroom' environment so was well prepared to support students during the COVID-19 pandemic. These forms of support include online forums to help students…

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the use of online learning and self-directed learning to motivate and engage students. Therefore, this study sought to determine how online learning fostered self-directed learning at a South African university during this period. Higher education institutions worldwide had to shut down indefinitely following…

One of the required 21st-century skills necessary to cope with challenging tasks in teaching is nurturing active independent learners who can perform self-regulated learning (SRL). To support teachers in attaining and transferring their newly acquired knowledge and practices to real-time teaching in the classroom, an effective professional…

Universities face the challenge of constantly improving the quality of higher education and changing the learning behaviour of students, from passive reactive learning to active self-regulated learning. Learner-centred, constructively designed learning tasks offer a great opportunity here. This paper investigates to what extent the learning…

This study aims to investigate the relationship between secondary school students' self-learning with technology and test anxiety. The study was conducted using a correlational survey model. The participants of this study are made up of 128 students of 7th and 8th grade, studying in three secondary schools in Adiyaman province of Turkey in the…

Aim/Purpose: The goal of this study was to examine which of the types of teacher-student interactions found in previous studies by Kang (2009) and Kang and Im (2013) during distance learning in routine situations, were also found in times of emergency, specifically during the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether these interactions differed between…

The purpose of this study is to examine the student teachers' learning experiences and perceptions of using online resources during their independent study shaped with the stages of 4A accountable learner autonomy model. For their digital material design, the teacher candidates participating in this study were trained with a wide range of digital…