Describes the use of the microcomputer to teach reading readiness skills to three- and four-year-old children at the North Texas State University Nursery School. (JJD)

Using comparative speech tasks and EMG recordings to assess the potential of EMG biofeedback-assisted relaxation to reduce stuttering, a preschool child was able to reduce larynegeal tension but not without some difficulty. The small effect of the training was in the direction of less stuttering. (Author/CM)

Compared recognition and recall tests of retention in two studies of social memory in preschoolers (N=80). Children were asked to identify pictures of classmates or point to a picture as the experimenter said a child's name. In both experiments, no sex differences were found in the number of correct identifications. (Author/JAC)

Two experiments investigated psychological factors determining preschoolers' success or failure on a sequence-completion task involving temporal and causal ordering of events. Overall findings demonstrate that while preschoolers do understand temporal/causal relationships, their abilities are dependent on process variables demanded by the task…

Kindergarten children received prereading instruction based on a code systems approach. Results suggest that: (1) kindergarten children can learn the concepts and vocabulary of code systems; and (2) such instruction is related to their perception of the nature and purpose of reading and can be incorporated into existing kindergarten programs. (PP)

In two experiments, preschool children had better recall when the subjects and objects of sentences read aloud were also depicted pictorially. Learning was not enhanced by illustrating only the sentence subject or object. Sixteen references are listed. (Author/JJD)

Evaluated the possibility that three-year-olds solve small-number conservation problems by an empirical procedure whereby the sets are quantified each time presented. Children chose the more numerous of two arrays, one containing two elements and the other three elements. Results disconfirmed claims that three-year-olds can conserve small numbers.…

Presents an instrument which home-based day caregivers can use to evaluate their caregiving roles. The instrument was derived from criteria field-tested in day care homes. Advice on improving scores is given. (Author/DB)

Indicates relationships between children's graphic expressions and thinking, writing, and reading. It is concluded that, if children are motivated to verbalize about personal experiences they have expressed graphically, they probably will be additionally motivated to read what they have written. (Author/RH)

Briefly compares the actual practice of five Melbourne Montessori preschools with the practice of four Melbourne traditional kindergartens, in an effort to identify discrete and common philosophical and applied elements of the two kinds of programs. (Author/CM)

Sixty-seven middle-class boys and girls between three and six years of age were shown videotapes of adults in traditional or cross-sex activities to determine the effects on sex-role attitudes and behaviors. Results indicated that girls were influenced by modeling to a greater extent than boys. (Author/MP)

Reports on naturalistic research studies revealing that children begin to learn to read and write long before they go to school. (JL)

Children's abilities to judge "who is older" without using size as a cue were studied. Five-year-olds were better able to discriminate age than four-year-olds but were not equal to adults. No significant sex differences were found. (Author/RD)

Through a case study of the effects of a "paradoxical" intervention, the author shows how temper tantrums were reduced in a five-year-old cerebral palsied child. (Author/BW)

Describes how preschool education in China has changed since the Cultural Revolution, what values and attitudes young children are being socialized to believe, to what extent public childrearing follows the political shifts within China, and how the changes in preschool education have been manifested in teacher selection and training. (NEC)