Five educators suggest ways to put new life and substance in whatever teachers are doing to enlighten children about electing candidates for public office - and about government. (Editor)

The Traditional approach to adult education philosophy will concern itself with moral and social values; the contemporary approach, philosophical analysis, is most relevant to adult education in appraising the validity of argumentation, in elucidating the claims of propositions, and in analyzing the meanings of terms. (Author/JB)

This study investigated how college students decide the amount of reward or punishment a problem solver deserves. Persons engaged in solitary tasks were evaluated differently than those in cooperative tasks. Inferences of causality influenced evaluations, whereas other factors did not. (Author/DB)

Examines the characteristics of incrementalism as it defines the present system in competitive debate. Outlines the strengths and weaknesses of this slow and deliberate pursuit of diverse goals and contends that it holds much argumentative promise. (JMF)

The choice between experimental research or process-oriented oriented research as the only valid paradigm of evaluation research is rejected. It is argued that there is a middle ground. Suggestions are made for mixing the two approaches to suit particular research settings. (Author/GK)

Discusses nonformal education and social change in Latin America. Argues that nonformal education there has not produced a significant amount of social change because of the narrow psychological approach characteristic of most programs. (Author/RK)

There are positive features to MBO Systems, however, this article will help to dispel the mythology that associates them as imperatives in the "T & E" (Thorough and Efficient) process. (Editor/RK)

Examines the assessment of work-based learning, noting distinctions between "pure" and "professional" knowledge by offering a genealogy of learning; asserting that the distinction between academic and non-academic learning has become what Dewey termed a false dualism; examining relationships between judgment, activity,…

A model of reactions to career barriers explains how people differ in appraising situations and establishing coping strategies based on a mix of emotional and cognitive processes, appraisal styles, and predispositions. (SK)

Recommends moving from debates between spectators and actors about knowledge and practice to discussions about how all educators can foster good judgment, outlining Aristotle's and Kant's accounts of judgment, which ultimately privilege spectators, and introducing Arendt's work. Arendt linked thinking and acting without privileging either in her…

Young children told personal experience narratives about a time when they had been happy, surprised, and mad. Researchers assessed their explicit emotion labels and use of linguistic forms of evaluation to convey emotion. Children used various methods to convey emotions. Gender differences were rare. The only evaluative device that hinted at…

Examines the ability of 140 children of 3-5 years to use functional standards to judge size. The ability to use nonegocentric functional standards was present by age 3. However, 3-year-olds performed above chance only when their attention was directed to the relevant function. (RJC)

Educators are provided with five suggestions for evaluating popular articles about learning disabilities. Suggestions include identifying the article's major focus, determining the perspective of the author, evaluating the theoretical soundness of the article, evaluating use of terminology, and evaluating the overall usefulness of the article. (DB)

Developmental evaluation is proposed as a term to describe certain long-term partnering relationships with clients who are, themselves, engaged in ongoing program development. Rather than a model, developmental evaluation is a relationship founded on a shared purpose and is a way of being useful in innovative settings. (SLD)

Serious issues in empowerment evaluation are articulated to help ensure that this enthusiastically presented concept will not mislead evaluators and result in lowering the field's professional standards. Analysis and recommendations are provided for the adoption, development, and implementation of an objectivist evaluation that conforms to…