Arizona, 71 Hopi pupils left their families and homes to attend Sherman Institute, an off-reservation Indian boarding school in Riverside, California. Accompanied by their Kikmongwi (Village Chief), Tawaquaptewa and other Hopi leaders, the Hopis embarked on an adventure that forever changed their lives. For the majority of Hopi students, the…

This article discusses some of the challenges that researchers working in the fields of bilingualism and second-language acquisition (SLA) and in the field of language testing face in developing comparable and culturally and cognitively appropriate data collection and language assessment tools for bilingual children from rural minority-language…

This paper discusses the status of the endangered Kwak'wala language on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and efforts to revive it. Kwak'wala, also known as Kwakiutl, belongs to the Kwakiutlian group of the Wakashan language family. Following a description of Kwak'wala's historic decline and current status (mostly elderly speakers comprising…

This document compiles five short papers that describe the history and implementation of the Arikara Language Project and the Nakoda Language Project, the development of computer tools for language documentation, and the creation of curriculum materials for these and other projects. These papers are: "Genesis of the Project" (Douglas R.…

A phonemic orthography poses serious problems for students from oral cultures, in part due to the very structure of such orthographies and in part due to negative transference from English spelling habits. A syllabic orthography minimizes the structural problems at the level of decoding, but is an obstacle to morpheme recognition and grammatical…

The hypothesis that minority self-concept may vary as a function of implicit ethnic and nonethnic evaluative criteria is investigated by testing 40 Mikasaki Seminole Indian children in their native language with Indian examiners and in English with Anglo examiners. The results indicate response stability across languages and time. (Author/DE)

This article describes a pilot project in bilingual education, which is designed to enable the Quichua-speaking child to enter the official Ecuadorian educational system after three years of school in Indian communities. The Indian child is instructed in both Quichua and Spanish in the primary grades. (SW)

The "Declaration of Indian Purpose" produced by the American Indian Chicago Conference in 1961 needs to be recognized and extended to meet the needs and common political concerns of American Indians today. This publication provides the complete text and the appendices to this earlier document, and includes papers in which Indian…

The booklet offers activities, language lessons (oral and written), and suggestions from students and teachers participating in the language programs of four dialects of the Dene Language (Loucheux, Slavey, Dogrib, and Chipewyan) spoken in the Northwest Territories. Beginning consonant sounds are also offered for Inuktitut. Suggested activities…

This research suggests a possible diachronic explanation for the emergence of OVS (Object-Verb-Subject) as basic sentence word order in Carib languages. The application of afterthought grammaticalization patterns to explain diachronic change in the position of subject necessitates some modification of Hyman's and Venneman's hypotheses. Neither…

This children's reader in the Hualapai language is to be used with "Hualapai Misith Mispo Book 2" in a bilingual elementary school classroom. Pen-and-ink drawings illustrate the text. (NCR)

This basic reader in the Hualapai language is intended for use in a bilingual elementary school classroom. Pen-and-ink drawings illustrate the text. (NCR)

The Mohawk Language Checklist was developed for the intermediate grades, after the implementation of the Bilingual Education Act of 1968 increased the need for Mohawk language materials. It was designed to: (1) determine the need for bilingual instruction; (2) identify students needing bilingual instruction; and (3) determine the effectiveness of…

Brief descriptions of American Indians inhabiting New Mexico give current and historical information on geographical location, population, language, cultural background, and income sources. Eighteen pueblo communities and four Federal Indian reservations are discussed. (JH)

This is a highly illustrated text designed to teach vocabulary of Akwesasne Mohawk at the elementary level in a bilingual/bicultural setting. Each word is accompanied by its English equivalent. Vocabulary includes numbers 6-10, colors, animals, substances, and people in everyday life. The Mohawk spelling and pronunciation are those used by the…