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Pamela Fuhrmeister – ProQuest LLC, 2020
Many studies of non-native speech sound learning report a great deal of individual variability; some learners master the sounds of a second language with ease, while others struggle to perceive and produce sounds, even after years of learning the language. Although some contributions of phonological, auditory, or cognitive skills have been found…
Descriptors: Brain, Native Language, Auditory Perception, Speech Communication
Farah, Carole A.; Hastings, Margaret H.; Dunn, Tyler W.; Gong, Katrina; Baker-Andresen, Danay; Sossin, Wayne S. – Learning & Memory, 2017
Atypical PKM, a persistently active form of atypical PKC, is proposed to be a molecular memory trace, but there have been few examinations of the role of PKMs generated from other PKCs. We demonstrate that inhibitors used to inhibit PKMs generated from atypical PKCs are also effective inhibitors of other PKMs. In contrast, we demonstrate that…
Descriptors: Memory, Brain, Neurological Organization, Neurology
Ferreira, Rachel de Carvalho; Alves, Claudia Regina Lindgren; Magalhães, Lívia de Castro – Early Child Development and Care, 2022
The aim was to evaluate the effects of a family-focused early intervention programme on the cognitive, motor, and language development of infants exposed to social and biological risks in the first year of life. Quasi-experimental randomized controlled trial (RBR-6ct969), with intervention (IG; n = 72) and control (CG; n = 170) groups. IG mothers…
Descriptors: Infants, Early Intervention, Family Involvement, Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Dolleman-van der Weel, Margriet J.; Griffin, Amy L.; Ito, Hiroshi T.; Shapiro, Matthew L.; Witter, Menno P.; Vertes, Robert P.; Allen, Timothy A. – Learning & Memory, 2019
The nucleus reuniens of the thalamus (RE) is a key component of an extensive network of hippocampal and cortical structures and is a fundamental substrate for cognition. A common misconception is that RE is a simple relay structure. Instead, a better conceptualization is that RE is a critical component of a canonical higher-order…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Neurological Impairments, Anatomy, Physiology
Schuck, Maria; Swanson, Christina I. – HAPS Educator, 2019
Infantile spasms (IS) is a rare epileptic disorder occurring in children under the age of one that can often lead to severe developmental delays throughout life. Though over 200 etiologies have been associated with this disorder, many cases remain unexplained. Research into the etiology of IS has implicated causes such as exposure to prenatal…
Descriptors: Epilepsy, Infants, Stress Variables, Prenatal Influences
Petit, Selene; Badcock, Nicholas A.; Grootswagers, Tijl; Rich, Anina N.; Brock, Jon; Nickels, Lyndsey; Moerel, Denise; Dermody, Nadene; Yau, Shu; Schmidt, Elaine; Woolgar, Alexandra – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2020
Purpose: We aimed to develop a noninvasive neural test of language comprehension to use with nonspeaking children for whom standard behavioral testing is unreliable (e.g., minimally verbal autism). Our aims were threefold. First, we sought to establish the sensitivity of two auditory paradigms to elicit neural responses in individual neurotypical…
Descriptors: Receptive Language, Language Impairments, Comprehension, Auditory Stimuli
Hannant, Penelope; Gartland, Rachael; Eales, Helen; Mooncey, Sophia – Support for Learning, 2023
The objective of the study was to develop a prototype for an accessible, high quality, cost and time-effective 'Development Profiling Tool' for use in reception classes. This would build a unique picture of every individual child's developmental at the beginning of their educational journey, meaning that interventions for any comparable areas of…
Descriptors: Early Childhood Education, Young Children, Identification, Neurological Organization
Bowman, Caitlin R.; Sine, Shalome L.; Dennis, Nancy A. – Learning & Memory, 2017
To better understand neural recollection processing, we induced interference in target recollection by presenting related lures before their respective targets and facilitated recollection rejection of lures by presenting targets before their related lures. Target recollection following interference recruited visual and prefrontal cortices,…
Descriptors: Recall (Psychology), Interference (Learning), Brain, Networks
Perez, Leticia; Patel, Ushma; Rivota, Marissa; Calin-Jageman, Irina E.; Calin-Jageman, Robert J. – Learning & Memory, 2018
Most long-term memories are forgotten. What happens, then, to the changes in neuronal gene expression that were initially required to encode and maintain the memory? Here we show that the decay of recall for long-term sensitization memory in "Aplysia" is accompanied both by a form of savings memory (easier relearning) and by persistent…
Descriptors: Long Term Memory, Genetics, Recall (Psychology), Animals
Yates, Luke; Hobson, Hannah – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2020
The mirror neuron system has been argued to be a key brain system responsible for action understanding and imitation. Subsequently, mirror neuron system dysfunction has therefore been proposed to explain the social deficits manifested within autism spectrum condition, an approach referred to as the broken mirror hypothesis. Despite excitement…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Neurological Organization, Neurological Impairments
Dollar, Jessica M.; Calkins, Susan D.; Berry, Nathaniel T.; Perry, Nicole B.; Keane, Susan P.; Shanahan, Lilly; Wideman, Laurie – Developmental Psychology, 2020
Parasympathetic nervous system functioning as indexed by respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is widely used as a measure of physiological regulation. We examined developmental patterns of children's resting RSA and RSA reactivity from 2 to 15 years of age, a period of time that is marked by considerable advances in children's regulatory abilities.…
Descriptors: Child Development, Neurological Organization, Physiology, Age Differences
Cardozo, Lais Tono; Castro, Amicio Pina; Guimarães, Alexsandro Ferreira; Gutierrez, Lucila Ludmila Paula; Montrezor, Luís Henrique; Marcondes, Fernanda Klein – Advances in Physiology Education, 2020
This work describes the educational game "Integrating Synapse, Muscle Contraction, and Autonomic Nervous System," which was developed to assist students in understanding and integrating concepts related to the physiology of synapses, muscle contraction, and the autonomic nervous system. Analysis was made of the effect of the game on…
Descriptors: Physiology, Neurological Organization, Human Body, Dentistry
Lai, Meng-Chuan; Lombardo, Michael V.; Chakrabarti, Bhismadev; Ruigrok, Amber NV; Bullmore, Edward T.; Suckling, John; Auyeung, Bonnie; Happé, Francesca; Szatmari, Peter; Baron-Cohen, Simon – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2019
Prior work has revealed sex/gender-dependent autistic characteristics across behavioural and neural/biological domains. It remains unclear whether and how neural sex/gender differences are related to behavioural sex/gender differences in autism. Here, we examined whether atypical neural responses during mentalizing and self-representation are…
Descriptors: Females, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Adults
Worthy, Jo; Godfrey, Vickie; Tily, Susan; Daly-Lesch, Anne; Salmerón, Cori – Literacy Research: Theory, Method, and Practice, 2019
After well over a century of research about dyslexia, there is still no consensus about how it differs from other decoding difficulties, how it is identified, and its causes. Nevertheless, there is an abundance of research about dyslexia, mostly conducted outside of education, and much of it focused on the brain. This attention to the brain and…
Descriptors: Dyslexia, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Neurological Impairments, Neurological Organization
Zhang, Wen-Hua; Zhou, Jin; Pan, Han-Qing; Wang, Xiao-Yang; Liu, Wei-Zhu; Zhang, Jun-Yu; Yin, Xiao-Ping; Pan, Bing-Xing – Learning & Memory, 2017
The role of d subunit-containing GABA[subscript A] receptor (GABA[subscript A](d)R) in fear generalization is uncertain. Here, by using mice with or without genetic deletion of GABA[subscript A](d)R and using protocols in which the conditioned tone stimuli were cross presented with different nonconditioned stimuli, we observed that when the two…
Descriptors: Adults, Animals, Fear, Brain