A contrast weighting approach is explored for choice situations where the similarity of levels along one dimension enhances the weight of the other dimension. The contrast-weighting theory is applied to different data sets in which subjects make choices between multiattribute options. (SLD)

Reports on conditions under which people's probability judgments are superadditive rather than subadditive. Both directions of deviation from additivity are interpreted in a common framework, in which probability judgments are often mediated by judgments of evidence. The two kinds of nonadditivity result from differences in recruitment of…

The standard paradigm of learning--isolated in individual minds, expressed verbally, propositional--distorts the role of judgment. An emerging paradigm based on Dewey and Wittgenstein recognizes the role of action and exercise of judgment; positions knowledge in individuals, teams, and organizations; and includes propositional, cognitive,…

From the standpoint of a journal editor and researcher, this commentary critically reflects on some of the primary notions addressed in the 4 featured articles of the special section, discussing areas of agreement and divergence. As a way of further exploring these ethical and professional concerns, the contentious issue of using school children…

Plausibility has been implicated as playing a critical role in many cognitive phenomena from comprehension to problem solving. Yet, across cognitive science, plausibility is usually treated as an operationalized variable or metric rather than being explained or studied in itself. This article describes a new cognitive model of plausibility, the…

The sum-difference theory of remembering and knowing (STREAK) provides a sophisticated account of many interactions in the remember-know (R-K) area (C. M. Rotello, N. A. Macmillan, & J. A. Reeder, 2004; see record 2004-15929-002). It assumes 2 orthogonal strength dimensions and oblique criterion planes. Another dual-process model (J. T. Wixted…

Knowledge use and production is complex and so also are attempts to judge its quality. Research synthesis is a set of formal processes to determine what is known from research in relation to different research questions and this process requires judgements of the quality and relevance of the research evidence considered. Such judgement can be…

To date, LIS studies of workplace information practices have primarily focused on occupations that require a university education, and, consequently, little is known about the information practices of blue-collar workers. This study uses a qualitative case study approach to examine the workplace information practices of a blue-collar worker--a…

In this article, the author, an officer in the United States Air Force (USAF), shares some leadership stories from his father's experience in Vietnam and his own experiences in the military. Both the author's corporate and university careers have benefited from the experience he gained in the military, as well as from the lessons shared in his…

Ethical guidelines of the 4 major professional associations representing counselors and psychotherapists are reviewed. To help clarify thinking about writing up clinical cases, 3 kinds of cases are described. The author concludes that the current guidelines for clinician authors in writing about clients for publication or presentation are…

Paul Goodman was a difficult man to evaluate, says the author, in an attempt to understand him and his contributions to our social growth. He briefly examined one facet, "The Cult of Youth," on which Goodman had much to say, and suggested a Goodman methodology. (Author/RK)

Author examined the art of Alberto Giacommetti and Max Ernst, recently shown at The Art Institute of Chicago, while presenting to us his interpretation of what occurs during the observation of art work. (RK)

In this paper the interview is discussed as problematic. This approach leads to an examination of the interview as "a product of social arrangements" rather than a prescription for strategies of operation. (Editor)

Discussed the objectives and the conditions which made possible a new school embodying radical innovations. The results of a observational study at an early stage of the school's development, undertaken by a group of students, are summarised here by two of them, both now teaching in Leicestershire Upper Schools. (Editor/RK)

Author presented his impressions based on his analysis of the editorial opinions of Dr. Thorne as they have appeared in the Journal of Clinical Psychology since its beginning in 1945. (Author/RK)