The purpose of this resource is to unpack Part B State Performance Plan/Annual Performance Report (SPP/APR) Indicator 3D to better understand how to use it to improve outcomes for children with individualized education programs (IEPs). Indicator 3D is a new subcomponent of Indicator 3 in the Office of Special Education Programs' (OSEP) FFY…

Purpose: The purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental study was to focus on the difference of Instructional Reading Level (IRL) scores in Title I public elementary school students, before and after Tier II Response to Intervention (RTI) was implemented. Theoretical Framework: This study was applied theoretically to Vygotsky's sociocultural…

Research has shown that principal leadership is strongly connected to student achievement and plays a pivotal role in creating schools in which students and staff can achieve successful outcomes. Research has also shown the role of self-efficacy in approaching and completing difficult and challenging tasks. Title I schools include many risk…

Research suggests shared leadership as a leadership style that produces positive outcomes. Specifically, the use of shared leadership in the school setting can lead to positive outcomes. However, there is minimal research that examines, and links shared leadership to positive outcomes in a Title I school setting. This research study examined the…

Although nearly half of community college students require some type of remediation, less than one-third of the students who start in developmental education graduate within eight years (Park, Tandberg, Hu, & Hankerson, 2016). As such, there is great uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of developmental education (Ari et al., 2016; Bailey…

Achievement and opportunity gaps have continued to persist despite the best efforts of educators. "The Every Student Succeeds Act" (ESSA, 2016) legislation was written to meet the needs of all historically underserved students. To meet those needs, Local Education Agencies (LEA) have turned to a Multi-Tiered System of Support (MTSS)…

The Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA) requires each State to develop and implement a single, statewide accountability system to support all public elementary school and secondary school students in meeting the challenging State academic standards. These systems are important tools in achieving the goal of improving outcomes for…

The state of Texas has been cited through the U.S. Department of Education under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) as failing to identify students under the Child Find component of the law using Response to Intervention/Multi-Tiered System of Support (RtI/MTSS). The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to identify…

The COVID-19 pandemic affected the ways in which school districts provide educational services to all students, especially students with disabilities. Eligible U.S. students with disabilities have a right to a free, appropriate public education (FAPE) under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), and students with disabilities who…

The Individualized Education Program (IEP) should include a summary of the student's current skills and needs as well as annual goals that support their progress in the general education curriculum; however, IEPs for students with complex support needs may be missing required information. We investigated IEP goals and Present Levels of Academic…

Research for Action (RFA) in partnership with the University of Texas at Austin is engaged in a five-year mixed-methods study of the reforms associated with California AB 705. Over the course of the study, our team will assess the implementation, impact, and cost effectiveness of reforms associated with the law. This second interim report,…

On December 10, 2015, President Obama signed Every Student Success Act (ESSA), which reauthorized the 50-year-old ESEA commitment to equal opportunity for all students (U. S. Department of Education, n.d.). One of the provisions included all students in America be taught to high academic standards that will prepare them to succeed in college and…

The commitment to Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, and Access (IDEA) has come at a precarious time, which finds education and schooling under attack by hate-filled and dehumanizing rhetoric. The current socio-political climate situates education and teachers as a public enemy, and an onslaught of anti-equity education bills in legislatures have been…

The insufficient focus on developing writing instruction in education is a significant problem. Despite the crucial link between writing and reading skills and their impact on academic and life success, there is a notable lack of emphasis on writing in schools. Writing A-Z is a digital-first program that helps teachers establish a writing…

The Departments of Education and Justice are responsible for enforcing certain federal civil rights laws that prohibit discrimination in K-12 schools based on characteristics such as race, sex, and disability, including regarding police interactions with students. The House committee report for the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services,…