Paper presented at the American Personnel and Guidance Association Convention, Detroit, Michigan, April 7-11, 1968, entitled "Psycho-Sociological Forces at Work: Deterrents to Effective Teacher-Counselor Relationships.

Clients have preferences regarding desired counselor characteristics and these preferences may influence counseling outcome. One factor that may influence reaction to a counselor is the counselor's gender. A combination of direct and indirect methods for eliciting preferences was used to examine preference for sex of counselor and to determine if…

Many research efforts have focused on the effect of client and counselor sex on the process and outcome of counseling. It was hypothesized that same-sex counselor-client dyads would develop a more open, empathic relationship than would opposite-sex dyads, and that this would be reflected in the number of sessions the counseling dyad spent…

The central purpose of the study was to identify the role of the vocational counselor in the public schools of Texas as perceived by vocational directors, vocational counselors, secondary school principals, and secondary school counselors. Of the 121 school districts in the sample, 99 complete school district data sets, consisting of returned…

In the counseling phase which is imbedded in the global vocational rehabilitation process, the primary challenge, in dealing with the disabled disadvantaged client, is viewed as being the disadvantagement rather than the disability per se. A multitude of factors and interacting clusters of variables that influence the counseling process with these…

For the purpose of discerning short term terminated clients' attitudes toward the counseling process and outcome, 98 such clients from two Northern Illinois University Counseling Centers were examined by means of the Counseling Evaluation Inventory and a client "reason for termination" statement. Results indicated that client satisfaction with…

Part I of this two-part study compared prospective counselors' scores on selected measuring instruments at the beginning of their course work and practicum experience, and later at the end of their practicum experience. Part II examined the effect of a course in group counseling techniques on prospective counselors' self concepts, self images,…

The report first examines relevances in the state, the federal government, business and industry, parents, the community, the school and students. The author selects the necessity of major social change as most relevant, because he considers the American society outstanding in physical technology but backward in social, humanistic and aesthetic…

Early research on the effects of audio recording on counselors and clients found no adverse effects, particularly on clients. This research fostered a set of beliefs about recording which is now being extrapolated to the area of video observation. Recent research, however, does suggest that audio and, in particular, video recording has an…

Counselor-trainee response uncertainty and delayed supervisor feedback are two apparent difficulties when looking at the normal practicum procedures from a learning theory frame of reference. Twenty-four counselor-trainees were randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group, ie., immediate feedback, feedback and instructions,…

As a characteristic which is most important for counselor effectiveness, the concept of empathy has long held a central position. The author uses this rationale as the main reason for his commentary on the value of empathy in counseling effectiveness. The author suggests that if counselors are convinced of the importance of empathy, 2 types of…

Texas school children receive career counseling from several sources including vocational counselors, "regular" counselors, and vocational teachers. This study attempts to determine the relative counseling effectiveness of these types of professionals and further, to identify background characteristics of effective counselors. (Author)

Counselors who hold world views different from their clients' views and who are unaware of the bases for these differences are most likely to impute negative traits to their clients. Culturally different clients such as Asian-Americans, Blacks, Chicanos, and native Americans have a greater probability of holding different perspectives. (Author)

Summarized numerous different projects which investigated assumptions made by Carol Rogers about the necessary and sufficient conditions for significant positive change in person-to-person contact. Findings agree with Rogers' about the importance of empathy, genuineness, and respect. Presented at the Thirtieth Congress of Deutsch Gesell Schaft for…