Tests are an integral part of most formal language learning processes, exerting far-reaching effects on many aspects of language learning. Among other things, tests affect language learning motivation (LLM), an element that is fundamental to many learning contexts. However, little attention has been paid to how tests affect LLM and what the…

Background: The development and promotion of educational games are still outpacing knowledge of these games' effects, raising calls for evidence of benefits and challenges. Studies suggest that students and teachers like games, but the payoff of the investment in terms of increased motivation and achievement remains unclear. Objectives: This study…

''Critical thinking'' has been situated as an important skill or way of thinking in chemistry education. However, despite its perceived importance, there has not been an established consensus definition for chemistry and science education with many resources operating from working definitions. The many definitions obfuscate what ''critical…

The value of embracing a physically active lifestyle has been well documented in recent times. However, despite this knowledge, physical activity levels in many western societies remain worryingly low in both adult and youth populations. Habit formation in youth is a key indicator of engagement in physical activity as an adult; therefore,…

Student retention has not changed in almost 40 years despite the plethora of attention. Maybe it is time to look at it differently. The study examines the relationships of parental education level, educational aspirations, and engagement. The National Survey of Student Engagement data were used in the analyses, but it raised questions about the…

This paper attempts to explore students' motivation to study French at a state-funded public university in Estonia. The first set of data collection was carried out in 2008 and repeated in 2020 using the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory and in-depth interviews. The results of the quantitative part indicate a significant increase in students'…

We sought to understand the motivations of undergraduate students who pursue multiple majors or degrees. Utilizing a sequential, exploratory, mixed-methods design, in phase one we interviewed 37 students currently pursuing multiple majors to determine themes in their expressed motivations. Following the development of themes, we administered a…

The purpose of this mixed-methods study was to examine the beliefs of physical education teachers regarding the value of exergames and the association between exergames and physical literacy. This study employed a sequential two-phase data collection process. The first phase of this study collected quantitative data through an online survey…

The purpose of this phenomenological study is to gain an understanding of the professional socialization experiences of preceptors who serve in the same masters-level athletic training program. Professional socialization is a phenomenon that occurs as the individual begins to acquire the skills necessary within a given vocation or profession…

The current study utilized a social learning and achievement goal theory framework to examine and explicate the relationship between multidimensional perfectionism and psychological distress, and the moderating effect of two types of motivational climate among Division I-III student-athletes. Results indicated nonsignificant interaction effects…

One in five undergraduate students in the United States is also a parent raising at least one child (Gault et al., 2014), but few will complete a bachelor's degree within six years. Using Greene's (2014) Ecological Resiliency Model as a conceptual framework, this phenomenological study examines the persistence of 38 single mothers in the latter…

STEM education has emerged as an important educational goal in recent years. Argumentation-based STEM approach important discourse process in STEM education. The aim of this research was to examine the impact of argumentation-based STEM activities on students' ongoing STEM motivations. The embedded mixed method has been used in this research. The…

There is a persistent view that reading Shakespeare's writings is automatically 'good' for student learning, and its persistence can be traced back to the beginnings of the modern education system as a tool of British imperialism. This article argues that his plays challenge audiences and readers in ways that can represent barriers to learning. In…

Gamification has often been used to stimulate learner engagement via intangible rewards, such as virtual points and virtual badges, rather than material goods or benefits. However, not all learners value such intangible rewards; some express their desire to redeem intangible rewards for utilitarian resources or benefits. Although tangible rewards…

Utilizing the framework of the L2 motivational self-system as its theoretical foundation, this study focuses on a total of 52 students who discontinue their English learning within a senior high school in Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. The primary objective of this study is to discern the underlying motivations prompting students to discontinue their…