When teaching remedial writing in a correctional facility, a teacher may carry assumptions shaped by formal education that do not always translate to a prison context. These include the idea that the classroom will provide a sphere of intellectual activity, immune from heavy-handed institutional intrusions; that students will want to get to know…

Findings from a study that examined the relationship between external environmental factors and effective school conditions are presented in this paper. A focus is on the ways in which the different "educational worlds" of urban, suburban, and rural high schools shape internal school processes. Methodology involved an analysis of the relationship…

This study attempted to identify the continuous quality improvement (CQI) practices that leaders implement in the process of changing cultures at institutions of higher education. Emphasis was on meeting the challenge of balancing a respect for the institution's existing culture while working to create a new culture. First, a survey was…

This book of 15 author-contributed chapters provides pragmatic illustrations of how to implement multicultural education in college and university courses of study, and presents strategies for both transforming curricula and the training of effective multicultural educators. Section I focuses on instructional strategies for schools that possess…

Findings of a study that examined whether individual teacher attributes or organizational conditions influence classroom pedagogical practices in southern Africa are presented in this document. Methodology involved observation and administration of a questionnaire to 244 secondary teachers in Botswana. Findings indicate that teacher behaviors in…

Business and industry have exerted a strong influence on public schools and school administration, especially on assumptions about the school setting and its implications for administrator behavior. Schools have been assumed to be bureaucratic organizations in a stable environment, which implies that administrators should be leaders in…

An effective environmental scan will improve the quality of community college planning and decision making by alerting institutional leaders to the challenges and opportunities in the environment. Scanning can be done in three ways: (1) establishing a scanning committee to gather and synthesize information to guide planning; (2) sponsoring a…

Though program evaluation has been an important focus of higher education for the last 20 years, traditional evaluation models have been ineffective for on-going programs, particularly those where the outcomes are multifaceted or undefined. Over the last five years, several alternative viewpoints on program evaluation have been suggested which…

This report summarizes information on juvenile detention facilities using staff supervision rather than architectural barriers, such as barred windows and locked doors. Results of a survey of staff secure facilities are detailed in the appendix and eight tables of data are provided. Topics covered in the appendix, which comprises most the…

The College of Education at Northern Arizona University was organized along traditional lines with a dean, department chairs for curriculum and instruction, educational administration, etc. In the past decade the College had begun to isolate itself from other colleges and departments within the University. Also, programs of teacher preparation had…

Popular theories of drug addiction are detailed and found wanting. Naturalistic studies of addicts in their own environments are reviewed in order to demonstrate that addicts do not fit these theories which are supposed to explain them. A plea is made to pay more attention to these ethnographic studies, if more effective and humane laws and social…

Paper presented at the International Seminar on Rehabilitation for the Deaf (Washington, D.c., Hot Springs, Arkansas, and New York, New York (May 1968).

This paper examines implicit curricula which consist of the messages imparted by the classroom and school environment. Among the outcomes that have been attributed to implicit curricula are individual and societal effects that foster conformity to national ideals and social conventions while maintaining socioeconomic and cultural inequalities.…

Through description and discussion of the county prison's setting and potential for adult education, this booklet presents guidelines for successful correctional services. (It was designed as a supplement to a community-centered county correctional workshop.) An introductory section describes the prison setting including regulation of Pennsylvania…