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McAlister, Anna; Peterson, Candida C. – British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2006
This study assessed the theory of mind (ToM) and executive functioning (EF) abilities of 124 typically developing preschool children aged 3 to 5 years in relation to whether or not they had a child-aged sibling (i.e. a child aged 1 to 12 years) at home with whom to play and converse. On a ToM battery that included tests of false belief,…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Siblings, Preschool Children, Multiple Regression Analysis
Umek, Ljubica Marjanovic; Kranjc, Simona; Fekonja, Urska; Bajc, Katja – European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 2006
Studies in the area of developmental psychology--especially those carried out in the past thirty years--show that preschool quality, both at the structural and process levels, in combination with the quality of the family environment influences various areas of children's development and learning. The goal of this study is to determine the effect…
Descriptors: Predictor Variables, Developmental Psychology, Family Environment, Language Acquisition
Manfra, Louis; Winsler, Adam – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 2006
The present study explored: (a) preschool children's awareness of their own talking and private speech (speech directed to the self); (b) differences in age, speech use, language ability, and mentalizing abilities between children with awareness and those without; and (c) children's beliefs and attitudes about private speech. Fifty-one children…
Descriptors: Attention, Preschool Children, Expressive Language, Language Skills
Blake, Howard E.; Maull, Ethel M. – 1977
Designed to measure children's receptive and expressive language competence, this 57-item instrument inventories children's performance in the following eight language subareas: motor functions, memory functions, visual functions, tactile-kinesthetic functions, vocal functions, auditory functions, following directions, and language concepts. (This…
Descriptors: Expressive Language, Language Acquisition, Language Aptitude, Language Skills
Gordon, Fannetta N. – 1981
American incompetence in second language skills can be remedied by training academically gifted children as true bilinguals in languages widely used and badly needed for business and political interactions in an increasingly interdependent world. Those identified as gifted, who also exhibit the characteristics of successful second language…
Descriptors: Academically Gifted, Elementary Secondary Education, Gifted, Interpreters

Cross, David – British Journal of Language Teaching, 1982
Discusses an aural discrimination test given to British students of French and examines the relationship between good aural discrimination ability and high achievement in a second language. (EKN)
Descriptors: Aptitude Tests, Auditory Discrimination, French, Language Aptitude

Wesche, Marjorie; And Others – Applied Psycholinguistics, 1982
Provides a partial characterization of the nature of language aptitude through correlations and factor analyses of the Modern Language Aptitude Test and Primary Mental Abilities Test. Also discusses whether second-language learning ability is better conceptualized as a unitary or a composite factor. (EKN)
Descriptors: Aptitude Tests, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests, Language Acquisition

Neufeld, Gerald G. – Language Learning, 1979
Four positions concerning foreign and second language learning ability in adults are summarized with attention to the "critical period" hypothesis. An argument is made for a shift from macro-correlational studies to controlled micro language learning research free of extralinguistic variables. (PMJ)
Descriptors: Adults, Language Aptitude, Language Proficiency, Language Research

Ganschow, Leonore; Sparks, Richard – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1995
This study examined the effects of direct instruction in the phonology/orthography of Spanish on the native language skills and foreign language aptitude of 14 high school women at risk for foreign language learning problems. Pretest/posttest comparisons with students not at risk showed that subjects made significantly greater gains on…
Descriptors: Females, High Risk Students, Instructional Effectiveness, Language Aptitude
A Strong Inference Approach to Causal Factors in Foreign Language Learning: A Response to MacIntyre.

Sparks, Richard L.; Ganschow, Leonore – Modern Language Journal, 1995
This article responds to MacIntyre's (1995) critique of the Linguistic Coding Differences Hypothesis (LCDH), which posits that language aptitude is the primary source of individual differences in foreign language (FL) achievement. It defends the LCDH and suggests that difficulties exist with theories that attribute affective and social context…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Anxiety, Criticism, Individual Differences

MacIntyre, Peter D. – Modern Language Journal, 1995
This article responds to Sparks and Ganschow's (1995) defense of their Linguistic Coding Differences Hypothesis (LCDH), arguing that the LCDH ignores the context in which language learning occurs. It asserts that LCDH is so focused on the learning of the sound system of language that it ignores affective variables. (22 references) (MDM)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Anxiety, Criticism, Individual Differences

Alderson, J. Charles; Clapham, Caroline; Steel, David. – Language Teaching Research, 1997
Reports on an ESRC-funded study of the levels of knowledge about language of first-year undergraduate student learners of French and the relationship between this metalinguistic knowledge and language proficiency and aptitude. (Author/VWL)
Descriptors: College Students, French, Higher Education, Language Aptitude

Nathan, Liz; Stackhouse, Joy; Goulandris, Nata; Snowling, Margaret J. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2004
This article presents a longitudinal study of the early literacy development of 47 children with speech difficulties from ages 4 to 7 years. Of these children, 19 with specific speech difficulties were compared with 19 children with speech and language difficulties and 19 normally developing controls. The risk of literacy difficulties was greater…
Descriptors: Early Reading, Phonemes, Speech, Reading Skills
Some Evidence for Distinctive Language Use by Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Mathers, Margaret – Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 2005
This paper reports early findings from a wider study that sought to test the hypothesis that differences in language use exist between children who have a diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and their non-ADHD peers. Twenty-two, 8 to 12 year-old children (11 with a diagnosis of ADHD and 11 matched peers) comprised the…
Descriptors: Identification, Language Tests, Language Aptitude, Hyperactivity
Viding, Essi; Spinath, Frank M.; Price, Thomas S.; Bishop, Dorothy V. M.; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2004
Background: We investigated the aetiology of language impairment in 579 four-year-old twins with low language performance and their co-twins, members of 160 MZ twin pairs, 131 same-sex DZ pairs and 102 opposite-sex DZ pairs. Methods: Language impairment in 4-year-olds was defined by scores below the 15th percentile on a general factor derived from…
Descriptors: Twins, Etiology, Language Impairments, Language Tests