AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW OF THE RELEVANT LITERATURE SINCE 1900 SEEMS TO INDICATE THAT, IN SOME WAY, THERE IS AN INTERACTION BETWEEN INTELLIGENCE, AGE, SOCIAL GROUP, AND THE EFFECTS OF PRAISE AND BLAME ON SCHOOL CHILDREN. INCONSISTENCIES IN EXPERIMENTAL FACTORS HAVE PRECLUDED ANY DEFINITIVE STATEMENTS REGARDING THE PROBLEM. AN INVESTIGATION OF THE…

THE EXPERIMENTATION EXPLORES THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IMMEDIATE AND DELAYED REINFORCEMENT. IT IS STATED THAT THE RELATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF EITHER REINFORCEMENT DEPENDS ON THE TYPE OF RESPONSE LEARNED AND THE FUNCTION OF THE REINFORCEMENT. THESE EXPERIMENTS EXPLORE THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE TIME INTERVAL SEPARATING RESPONSE AND REINFORCEMENT, THE…

CONCERN LIES WITH THE INDUCTION OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS INTO THEIR PROFESSION. FOCUS IS ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF BEGINNING TEACHERS WITH PARTICULAR ATTENTION GIVEN BOTH TO THE ROLES THESE CHARACTERISTICS PLAY IN THE BEGINNING TEACHER'S SUCCESS AND TO MODIFICATIONS OF THESE CHARACTERISTICS AS TEACHING EXPERIENCE INCREASES. IT WAS FOUND, THAT…

THIS STUDY INVOLVED THE IDENTIFICATION OF (1) RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN REINFORCEMENT AND PHYSICAL COMPONENTS OF COMPLEX PICTORIAL STIMULI IN DISCRIMINATION LEARNING AND (2) VARIABLES RELATED TO PRIOR EXPERIENCE WITH PICTORIAL STIMULI USED IN DISCRIMINATION LEARNING. LINE SHAPES WERE USED AS STIMULI. THESE SHAPES WERE VARIED BY ADDING SOME LINES THAT…

A teaching method is described in which students work together in small groups learning a subject as a team. In this method, the consequences of a student's performance affect all members of the team and therefore promote cooperation and positive reinforcement within the group. Four basic elements comprise this teaching strategy; teacher…

This manual briefly describes, in both English and Spanish, the basics of behavior analysis classroom procedures involving a token system. The token system is an exchange system. Teachers give the children tokens (any object such as a poker chip, marble or card) for acceptable behavior (paying attention, working on an assignment, correct answers,…

The effectiveness of students' modeling teacher behaviors as a means of bringing about desirable classroom decorum and skill achievement is discussed within the context of physical education classes. (JD)

The purpose of this study was to determine if children with warm social contact with their parents (noncaretaking functions) are more responsive to social reinforcement than are children who are deprived of such contact. Data was gathered from interviews with mothers, who described the amount and quality of both parents' contact with the child.…

In working with a disadvantaged population, such as the young adult prisoners at Draper Correctional Center, one of the first considerations in motivating them to acquire academic skills is to aid them in establishing reasonable and attainable education goals. After a meaningful goal has been accepted, the learner's specific deficiencies must be…

Some 96 fourth-grade boys participated in a study investigating the influence of personality and stimulus characteristics on perceptions of the meanings of verbal evaluations, and the functioning of differentially perceived evaluations as reinforcers in a learning task. Personality variables measured were anxiety, locus of control, need for…

A teacher of young children may be able to xercise control over her pupils' behavior by temporarily associating herself with tangible means of reinforcement. This study investigates whether contingent (C) or noncontingent (NC) tangible reinforcement is more effective. Four Head Start and four middle class children were used as subjects. Their task…

Examined in two studies--one involving three developmentally retarded children, the other involving two first grade children--were strategies for promoting transfer of newly acquired skills from a structured, one-to-one tutoring setting to an unstructured setting where children work independently. Before generalization training was begun, little…

A guide to training parents as behavior modifiers is presented. Providing the parents with a summary of behavior modification principles is suggested. Having the parents select behaviors and gather base rates prior to the interview is discussed. Specific interview topics and questions are presented. The statement of a precise behavioral objective…

This guide for parents, which seeks to apply behavior modification techniques for changing their own as well as their children's behaviors, has two separate parts--a workshop and a workbook. The manual attempts to teach methods of effective parenting and behavior change through programmed instruction in "antecedents-behaviors-consequences." There…

A behaviorally oriented approach to facilitate marital satisfactions is presented in this paper. The underlying rationale of the approach is presented and discussed. Furthermore, the author describes the use of the following intervention techniques: change facilitating propaganda, specification of the behaviors desired to be facilitated,…